The MPRIS specification recommends to media players to distinguish instances of them by appending its process id. For example this is supported by the Dragon Player. The patch makes it possible for connected clients of MPRIS Dataengine to query this directly and by that distinguish multiple instances of a player.
While clients were able to do this earlier already by checking the source name and doing the same string operations as here, it's more convenient with this patch, since they then don't have to do it on their own anymore but just need to query the data.