Facultative (but really handy): assign the F4 shortcut to `Tools>Run Current Document`
With the kateconsole visible,
Hit F4
The current file name is issued in the terminal (kate console).
The file extension being stripped or not,
depending on the "Run in terminal: remove extension" in the kateconsole settings.
A prefix string (e.g. "python ") can be prepended, according to
`Settings>Configure kate>Terminal>Run in Terminal>Prefix`