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7​<span style="color:#898887;">// Solidity Sample File</span>
8​<span style="color:#898887;">// https://solidity.readthedocs.io/en/latest/solidity-by-example.html#voting</span>
9​
10​<span style="font-weight:bold;">pragma</span> <span style="color:#644a9b;font-weight:bold;">solidity</span> &gt;=0.4.22 &lt;0.7.0;
11​
12​<span style="color:#898887;">/// </span><span style="color:#ca60ca;">@title</span><span style="color:#898887;"> Voting with delegation.</span>
13​<span style="font-weight:bold;">contract</span> Ballot {
14​ <span style="color:#898887;">// This declares a new complex type which will</span>
15​ <span style="color:#898887;">// be used for variables later.</span>
16​ <span style="color:#898887;">// It will represent a single voter.</span>
17​ <span style="font-weight:bold;">struct</span> Voter {
18​ <span style="color:#0057ae;">uint</span> weight; <span style="color:#898887;">// weight is accumulated by delegation</span>
19​ <span style="color:#0057ae;">bool</span> voted; <span style="color:#898887;">// if true, that person already voted</span>
20​ <span style="color:#0057ae;">address</span> delegate; <span style="color:#898887;">// person delegated to</span>
21​ <span style="color:#0057ae;">uint</span> vote; <span style="color:#898887;">// index of the voted proposal</span>
22​ }
23​
24​ <span style="color:#898887;">// This is a type for a single proposal.</span>
25​ <span style="font-weight:bold;">struct</span> Proposal {
26​ <span style="color:#0057ae;">bytes32</span> name; <span style="color:#898887;">// short name (up to 32 bytes)</span>
27​ <span style="color:#0057ae;">uint</span> voteCount; <span style="color:#898887;">// number of accumulated votes</span>
28​ }
29​
30​ <span style="color:#0057ae;">address</span> <span style="font-weight:bold;">public</span> chairperson;
31​
32​ <span style="color:#898887;">// This declares a state variable that</span>
33​ <span style="color:#898887;">// stores a `Voter` struct for each possible address.</span>
34​ <span style="color:#0057ae;">mapping</span>(<span style="color:#0057ae;">address</span> =&gt; Voter) <span style="font-weight:bold;">public</span> voters;
35​
36​ <span style="color:#898887;">// A dynamically-sized array of `Proposal` structs.</span>
37​ Proposal[] <span style="font-weight:bold;">public</span> proposals;
38​
39​ <span style="color:#898887;">/// Create a new ballot to choose one of `proposalNames`.</span>
40​ <span style="font-weight:bold;">constructor</span>(<span style="color:#0057ae;">bytes32</span>[] <span style="font-weight:bold;">memory</span> proposalNames) <span style="font-weight:bold;">public</span> {
41​ chairperson = <span style="color:#644a9b;font-weight:bold;">msg</span>.sender;
42​ voters[chairperson].weight = <span style="color:#b08000;">1</span>;
43​
44​ <span style="color:#898887;">// For each of the provided proposal names,</span>
45​ <span style="color:#898887;">// create a new proposal object and add it</span>
46​ <span style="color:#898887;">// to the end of the array.</span>
47​ <span style="font-weight:bold;">for</span> (<span style="color:#0057ae;">uint</span> i = <span style="color:#b08000;">0</span>; i &lt; proposalNames.length; i<span style="color:#644a9b;font-weight:bold;">++</span>) {
48​ <span style="color:#898887;">// `Proposal({...})` creates a temporary</span>
49​ <span style="color:#898887;">// Proposal object and `proposals.push(...)`</span>
50​ <span style="color:#898887;">// appends it to the end of `proposals`.</span>
51​ proposals.push(Proposal({
52​ name: proposalNames[i],
53​ voteCount: <span style="color:#b08000;">0</span>
54​ }));
55​ }
56​ }
57​
58​ <span style="color:#898887;">// Give `voter` the right to vote on this ballot.</span>
59​ <span style="color:#898887;">// May only be called by `chairperson`.</span>
60​ <span style="font-weight:bold;">function</span> giveRightToVote(<span style="color:#0057ae;">address</span> voter) <span style="font-weight:bold;">public</span> {
61​ <span style="color:#898887;">// If the first argument of `require` evaluates</span>
62​ <span style="color:#898887;">// to `false`, execution terminates and all</span>
63​ <span style="color:#898887;">// changes to the state and to Ether balances</span>
64​ <span style="color:#898887;">// are reverted.</span>
65​ <span style="color:#898887;">// This used to consume all gas in old EVM versions, but</span>
66​ <span style="color:#898887;">// not anymore.</span>
67​ <span style="color:#898887;">// It is often a good idea to use `require` to check if</span>
68​ <span style="color:#898887;">// functions are called correctly.</span>
69​ <span style="color:#898887;">// As a second argument, you can also provide an</span>
70​ <span style="color:#898887;">// explanation about what went wrong.</span>
71​ <span style="color:#644a9b;font-weight:bold;">require</span>(
72​ <span style="color:#644a9b;font-weight:bold;">msg</span>.sender == chairperson,
73​ <span style="color:#bf0303;">&quot;Only chairperson can give right to vote.&quot;</span>
74​ );
75​ <span style="color:#644a9b;font-weight:bold;">require</span>(
76​ !voters[voter].voted,
77​ <span style="color:#bf0303;">&quot;The voter already voted.&quot;</span>
78​ );
79​ <span style="color:#644a9b;font-weight:bold;">require</span>(voters[voter].weight == <span style="color:#b08000;">0</span>);
80​ voters[voter].weight = <span style="color:#b08000;">1</span>;
81​ }
82​
83​ <span style="color:#898887;">/// Delegate your vote to the voter `to`.</span>
84​ <span style="font-weight:bold;">function</span> delegate(<span style="color:#0057ae;">address</span> to) <span style="font-weight:bold;">public</span> {
85​ <span style="color:#898887;">// assigns reference</span>
86​ Voter <span style="font-weight:bold;">storage</span> sender = voters[<span style="color:#644a9b;font-weight:bold;">msg</span>.sender];
87​ <span style="color:#644a9b;font-weight:bold;">require</span>(!sender.voted, <span style="color:#bf0303;">&quot;You already voted.&quot;</span>);
88​
89​ <span style="color:#644a9b;font-weight:bold;">require</span>(to != <span style="color:#644a9b;font-weight:bold;">msg</span>.sender, <span style="color:#bf0303;">&quot;Self-delegation is disallowed.&quot;</span>);
90​
91​ <span style="color:#898887;">// Forward the delegation as long as</span>
92​ <span style="color:#898887;">// `to` also delegated.</span>
93​ <span style="color:#898887;">// In general, such loops are very dangerous,</span>
94​ <span style="color:#898887;">// because if they run too long, they might</span>
95​ <span style="color:#898887;">// need more gas than is available in a block.</span>
96​ <span style="color:#898887;">// In this case, the delegation will not be executed,</span>
97​ <span style="color:#898887;">// but in other situations, such loops might</span>
98​ <span style="color:#898887;">// cause a contract to get &quot;stuck&quot; completely.</span>
99​ <span style="font-weight:bold;">while</span> (voters[to].delegate != <span style="color:#0057ae;">address</span>(<span style="color:#b08000;">0</span>)) {
100​ to = voters[to].delegate;
101​
102​ <span style="color:#898887;">// We found a loop in the delegation, not allowed.</span>
103​ <span style="color:#644a9b;font-weight:bold;">require</span>(to != <span style="color:#644a9b;font-weight:bold;">msg</span>.sender, <span style="color:#bf0303;">&quot;Found loop in delegation.&quot;</span>);
104​ }
105​
106​ <span style="color:#898887;">// Since `sender` is a reference, this</span>
107​ <span style="color:#898887;">// modifies `voters[msg.sender].voted`</span>
108​ sender.voted = <span style="font-weight:bold;">true</span>;
109​ sender.delegate = to;
110​ Voter <span style="font-weight:bold;">storage</span> delegate_ = voters[to];
111​ <span style="font-weight:bold;">if</span> (delegate_.voted) {
112​ <span style="color:#898887;">// If the delegate already voted,</span>
113​ <span style="color:#898887;">// directly add to the number of votes</span>
114​ proposals[delegate_.vote].voteCount += sender.weight;
115​ } <span style="font-weight:bold;">else</span> {
116​ <span style="color:#898887;">// If the delegate did not vote yet,</span>
117​ <span style="color:#898887;">// add to her weight.</span>
118​ delegate_.weight += sender.weight;
119​ }
120​ }
121​
122​ <span style="color:#898887;">/// Give your vote (including votes delegated to you)</span>
123​ <span style="color:#898887;">/// to proposal `proposals[proposal].name`.</span>
124​ <span style="font-weight:bold;">function</span> vote(<span style="color:#0057ae;">uint</span> proposal) <span style="font-weight:bold;">public</span> {
125​ Voter <span style="font-weight:bold;">storage</span> sender = voters[<span style="color:#644a9b;font-weight:bold;">msg</span>.sender];
126​ <span style="color:#644a9b;font-weight:bold;">require</span>(sender.weight != <span style="color:#b08000;">0</span>, <span style="color:#bf0303;">&quot;Has no right to vote&quot;</span>);
127​ <span style="color:#644a9b;font-weight:bold;">require</span>(!sender.voted, <span style="color:#bf0303;">&quot;Already voted.&quot;</span>);
128​ sender.voted = <span style="font-weight:bold;">true</span>;
129​ sender.vote = proposal;
130​
131​ <span style="color:#898887;">// If `proposal` is out of the range of the array,</span>
132​ <span style="color:#898887;">// this will throw automatically and revert all</span>
133​ <span style="color:#898887;">// changes.</span>
134​ proposals[proposal].voteCount += sender.weight;
135​ }
136​
137​ <span style="color:#898887;">/// </span><span style="color:#ca60ca;">@dev</span><span style="color:#898887;"> Computes the winning proposal taking all</span>
138​ <span style="color:#898887;">/// previous votes into account.</span>
139​ <span style="font-weight:bold;">function</span> winningProposal() <span style="font-weight:bold;">public</span> <span style="font-weight:bold;">view</span>
140​ <span style="font-weight:bold;">returns</span> (<span style="color:#0057ae;">uint</span> winningProposal_)
141​ {
142​ <span style="color:#0057ae;">uint</span> winningVoteCount = <span style="color:#b08000;">0</span>;
143​ <span style="font-weight:bold;">for</span> (<span style="color:#0057ae;">uint</span> p = <span style="color:#b08000;">0</span>; p &lt; proposals.length; p<span style="color:#644a9b;font-weight:bold;">++</span>) {
144​ <span style="font-weight:bold;">if</span> (proposals[p].voteCount &gt; winningVoteCount) {
145​ winningVoteCount = proposals[p].voteCount;
146​ winningProposal_ = p;
147​ }
148​ }
149​ }
150​
151​ <span style="color:#898887;">// Calls winningProposal() function to get the index</span>
152​ <span style="color:#898887;">// of the winner contained in the proposals array and then</span>
153​ <span style="color:#898887;">// returns the name of the winner</span>
154​ <span style="font-weight:bold;">function</span> winnerName() <span style="font-weight:bold;">public</span> <span style="font-weight:bold;">view</span>
155​ <span style="font-weight:bold;">returns</span> (<span style="color:#0057ae;">bytes32</span> winnerName_)
156​ {
157​ winnerName_ = proposals[winningProposal()].name;
158​ }
159​}
160​</pre></body></html>