diff --git a/KritaFAQ.rst b/KritaFAQ.rst index 42bfb9c90..ad30cdf06 100644 --- a/KritaFAQ.rst +++ b/KritaFAQ.rst @@ -1,584 +1,466 @@ .. meta:: :description: Frequently asked Krita Questions. .. metadata-placeholder :authors: - Scott Petrovic - Wolthera van Hövell tot Westerflier - Raghavendra Kamath - Boudewijn Rempt - Alvin Wong - Dmitry Kazakov - Timothée Giet - Tokiedian - Nmaghfurusman + - RJ Quiralta + - Tyson Tan :license: GNU free documentation license 1.3 or later. .. index:: FAQ, Frequently Asked Questions .. _faq: .. _KritaFAQ: ######### Krita FAQ ######### This page contains common problems people have with Krita. Note that we assume that you are using the latest version of Krita. Please verify that to make sure. .. contents:: General ======= General questions What is Krita? -------------- This is our vision for the development of Krita: Krita is a free and open source cross-platform application that offers an end-to-end solution for creating digital art files from scratch. Krita is optimized for frequent, prolonged and focused use. Explicitly supported fields of painting are illustrations, concept art, matte painting, textures, comics and animations. Developed together with users, Krita is an application that supports their actual needs and workflow. Krita supports open standards and interoperates with other applications. Is it possible to use Krita in my own language, not English? ------------------------------------------------------------ Krita should automatically use the system language. If that is not the case, please follow these steps: #. Settings --> Switch Application Language. A small window will appear. #. Click Primary language and select your language. #. Click OK to close the window. #. Restart krita and it will be displayed in your selected language! If this doesn't work, you might have to add a fall-back language as well. This is a bug, but we haven't found the solution yet. Does Krita have layer clip or clipping mask? -------------------------------------------- Krita has no clipping mask, but it has a clipping feature called inherit alpha. Let's see :ref:`this page ` and learn how to do clipping in Krita! Windows: OBS can't record the Krita OpenGL canvas ------------------------------------------------- The possible workarounds for this is to do either of the following: #. Turn off OpenGL in Settings --> Configure Krita --> Display. #. Or don't use the hardware accelerated mode (game recording mode) in OBS, thus capturing the whole desktop instead of attempting to capture only Krita. You might also be able to work around the problem by using the ANGLE renderer instead of native OpenGL. Where are the configuration files stored? ----------------------------------------- These are stored at the following places for the following operating systems: Linux :file:`$HOME/.config/kritarc` Windows - :file:`%APPDATA%\Local\kritarc` + :file:`%APPDATA%\\Local\\kritarc` MacOS X :file:`$HOME/Library/Preferences/kritarc` The kritarc file is the configuration file. Krita does not store settings in the Windows registry. Resetting Krita configuration ----------------------------- -You can reset the Krita configuration in two ways: +You can reset the Krita configuration in following way: - For Krita 3.0 and later: Delete/rename the kritarc file, found here: Linux :file:`$HOME/.config/kritarc` Windows :file:`%APPDATA%\\Local\\kritarc` MacOS X :file:`$HOME/Library/Preferences/kritarc` There can be two other files you might want to remove: kritaopenglrc and kritadisplayrc. If the configuration was causing a crash, don't delete the mentioned file, but instead rename and send it to us in order for us to figure what caused the crash. Where are my resources stored? -------------------------------------------------------------------- +------------------------------ Linux :file:`$HOME/.local/share/krita/` Windows :file:`user\\Appdata\\Roaming\\krita\\` or :file:`%APPDATA%\\Roaming\\krita\\` -OSX +Mac OS X :file:`~/Library/Application Support/Krita/` Krita tells me it can't find some files and then closes, what should I do? -------------------------------------------------------------------------- Causes for this could be the following: -- It might be that your download got corrupted and is missing - files (common with bad wifi and bad internet connection in general), - in that case, try to find a better internet connection before trying - to download again. Krita should be around 80 to 100 mb in size when - downloading. -- It might be that something went wrong during installation. Check if your - hard drive isn't full. If not, and the problem still occurs, there - might be something odd going on with your device and it's recommended - to find a computer expert to diagnose what is the problem. -- Some unzippers don't unpack our zipfiles correctly. The native ones - on windows, OSX and most linux distributions should be just fine, and - we recommend using them. +- It might be that your download got corrupted and is missing files (common with bad wifi and bad internet connection in general), in that case, try to find a better internet connection before trying to download again. Krita should be around 80 to 100 mb in size when downloading. +- It might be that something went wrong during installation. Check whether your harddrive is full and reinstall Krita with at least 120 MB of empty space. If not, and the problem still occurs, there might be something odd going on with your device and it's recommended to find a computer expert to diagnose what is the problem. +- Some unzippers don't unpack our zipfiles correctly. The native ones on windows, OSX and most linux distributions should be just fine, and we recommend using them. - You manually, using a file manager deleted or moved resources around, and thus Krita cannot find them anymore. What Graphics Cards does Krita support? --------------------------------------- -Krita can use OpenGL to accelerate painting and canvas zooming, rotation -and panning. Nvidia and recent Intel GPUs give the best results. Make -sure your OpenGL drivers support OpenGL 3.2 as the minimum. AMD/ATI -GPU’s are known to be troublesome, especially with the proprietary -drivers on Linux. However, it works perfectly with the Radeon free -driver on linux for supported AMD GPU. +Krita can use OpenGL to accelerate painting and canvas zooming, rotation and panning. Nvidia and recent Intel GPUs give the best results. Make sure your OpenGL drivers support OpenGL 3.2 as the minimum. AMD/ATI GPU’s are known to be troublesome, especially with the proprietary drivers on Linux. However, it works perfectly with the Radeon free driver on linux for supported AMD GPU. Try to get a graphics card that can support OpenGL 3.2 or above for the best results, some examples: + +.. Following graphics cards have been suggested by Tyson Tan on the basis that they all support 3.2 + +Intel + Intel 3rd Generation HD Graphics, IvyBridge or Bay-Trail microarchitecture, released in 2012. Commonly available products: Celeron J1x00, N2x00, Celeron (G)1xx0, Pentium J2x00, N3500, Pentium (G)2xx0, Core i3/5/7-3xx0. +AMD/ATI + Radeon HD 2000 family, TeraScale 1 microarchitecture, Released in 2007. Commonly available products: Radeon HD 2400 PRO, Radeon HD 2600 PRO, etc. +Nvidia + GeForce 8 family, Tesla microarchitecture, released in 2006. Commonly available products: GeForce 8400 GS, GeForce 8800 GTS, 9800 GTX, GTS 250, etc. -*For Krita 3.3 or later:* Krita on Windows can use Direct3D 11 for -graphics acceleration (through ANGLE). This is enabled automatically on systems with an Intel GPU. +*For Krita 3.3 or later:* Krita on Windows can use Direct3D 11 for graphics acceleration (through ANGLE). This is enabled automatically on systems with an Intel GPU. I can't edit text from PSD files created by Photoshop ----------------------------------------------------- -There is no text support for psd file yet. The text will appear -rasterized and converted into paint layer. +There is no text support for psd file yet. The text will appear rasterized and converted into a paint layer. How much memory does my image take? ----------------------------------- -For simple images, its easy to calculate: you multiply width \* height \* -channels \* size of the channels (so, for a 1000×1000 16 bit integer -rgba image: 1000 x 1000 x 4 x 2). You multiply this by the number of -layers plus two (one for the image, one for the display). If you add -masks, filter layers or clone layers, it gets more complicated. +For simple images, its easy to calculate: you multiply width \* height \* channels \* size of the channels (so, for a 1000×1000 16 bit integer rgba image: 1000 x 1000 x 4 x 2). You multiply this by the number of layers plus two (one for the image, one for the display). If you add masks, filter layers or clone layers, it gets more complicated. Why do I get a checkerboard pattern when I use the eraser? ---------------------------------------------------------- -You’re probably used to Gimp or Photoshop. The default background or first layer in these applications doesn’t have an alpha channel by default. Thus, on their background layer, the eraser paints in -the background color. +You’re probably used to Gimp or Photoshop. The default background or first layer in these applications doesn’t have an alpha channel by default. Thus, on their background layer, the eraser paints in the background color. -In Krita, all layers have an alpha channel, if you want to paint in -the background color, you should simply do it in a layer above the first one (Layer 1), that would prevent you from erasing the white background color, making the checkerboard visible. You get -the same effect in, say, gimp, if you create new image, add an alpha -channel and then use the eraser tool. Most Krita users will actually start a sketch in Krita by adding a new blank layer first before doing anything else. -(the INSert key is a useful shortcut here). That doesn’t use extra -memory, since a blank layer or a layer with a default color just takes -one pixel worth of memory. +In Krita, all layers have an alpha channel, if you want to paint in the background color, you should simply do it in a layer above the first one (Layer 1), that would prevent you from erasing the white background color, making the checkerboard visible. You get the same effect in, say, gimp, if you create new image, add an alpha channel and then use the eraser tool. Most Krita users will actually start a sketch in Krita by adding a new blank layer first before doing anything else. (the INSert key is a useful shortcut here). That doesn’t use extra memory, since a blank layer or a layer with a default color just takes one pixel worth of memory. Windows: Can I use Krita with Sandboxie? ---------------------------------------- -No, this is not recommended. Sandboxie causes stuttering and freezes due -to the way it intercepts calls for resources on disk. +No, this is not recommended. Sandboxie causes stuttering and freezes due to the way it intercepts calls for resources on disk. Can krita work with 8 bit (indexed) images? ------------------------------------------- -No. Krita has been designed from the ground up to use real colors, not -indexed palettes. There are no plans to support indexed color images, -although Krita can export to some indexed color image formats, such as -GIF. However, it does not offer detailed control over pixel values. +No. Krita has been designed from the ground up to use real colors, not indexed palettes. There are no plans to support indexed color images, although Krita can export to some indexed color image formats, such as GIF. However, it does not offer detailed control over pixel values. How can I produce a backtrace on Windows? ----------------------------------------- .. seealso:: :ref:`Dr. Mingw debugger ` -If you experience a crash on Windows, and can reproduce the crash, the -bug report will be much more valuable if you can create a backtrace. A -backtrace is somewhat akin to an airplane's blackbox, in that they tell -what set of instructions your computer was running when it was -crashing (where the crash happened), making it very useful to figure out -why the crash happened. - +If you experience a crash on Windows, and can reproduce the crash, the bug report will be much more valuable if you can create a backtrace. A backtrace is somewhat akin to an airplane's blackbox, in that they tell what set of instructions your computer was running when it was crashing (where the crash happened), making it very useful to figure out why the crash happened. The :ref:`Dr. Mingw debugger ` is bundled with Krita. Please visit the page :ref:`Dr. Mingw debugger ` for instructions on getting a backtrace with it. - Where can I find older versions of Krita? ----------------------------------------- All the older versions of Krita that are still available can be found here: - `Very old builds `_ On Windows, the Krita User Interface is too small on my HiDPI screen -------------------------------------------------------------------- -If you're using Windows, you can set the display scaling to 150% or -200%, and enable the experimental HiDPI support in the configurations: +If you're using Windows, you can set the display scaling to 150% or 200%, and enable the experimental HiDPI support in the configurations: - On the menu, select :menuselection:`Settings --> Configure Krita` -- Switch to :guilabel:`Window` +- On General page, switch to :guilabel:`Window` tab. - Check :guilabel:`Enable Hi-DPI support` - Restart Krita You can also change the toolbox icon size by right-clicking on the toolbox and selecting a size. I'm using Linux and Krita crashes on start ------------------------------------------ -If you also see something like “QIODevice::seek: Invalid pos: -18” on -the command line, it's quite likely that at one point you had the Deepin -file manager installed. That comes with some qimageio plugins that are -completely and utterly broken. Krita's reference images docker scans -your Pictures folder on startup. It reads -the images using Qt's QImageIO class, which loads that Deepin plugin. -`The issue is reported to Deepin `_, but the -Deepin developers don't seem convinced that it makes sense to check -whether there are any bytes to read, before reading the bytes. +If you also see something like “QIODevice::seek: Invalid pos: -18” on the command line, it's quite likely that at one point you had the Deepin file manager installed. That comes with some qimageio plugins that are completely and utterly broken. Krita's reference images docker scans your Pictures folder on startup. It reads the images using Qt's QImageIO class, which loads that Deepin plugin. `The issue is reported to Deepin `_, but the Deepin developers don't seem convinced that it makes sense to check whether there are any bytes to read, before reading the bytes. Tablets ======= What tablets does Krita support? -------------------------------- -Krita isn’t much fun without a pressure sensitive tablet. If the tablet -has been properly configured, Krita should work out of the box. +Krita isn’t much fun without a pressure sensitive tablet. If the tablet has been properly configured, Krita should work out of the box. -On Windows, you need to either install the Wintab drivers for your tablet, -or enable the Windows 8 Pointer API option in Krita's settings. +On Windows, you need to either install the Wintab drivers for your tablet, or enable the Windows 8 Pointer Input option in Krita's settings. -You can find a community curated list of tablets supported by -krita :ref:`here `. +You can find a community curated list of tablets supported by krita :ref:`here `. -If you're looking for information about tablets like the iPad or Android -tablets, look :ref:`here `. +If you're looking for information about tablets like the iPad or Android tablets, look :ref:`here `. What if your tablet is not recognized by Krita? ----------------------------------------------- Linux ~~~~~ We would like to see the full output of the following commands: #. ``lsmod`` #. ``xinput`` #. ``xinput list-props`` (id can be fetched from the item 2) #. Get the log of the tablet events (if applicable): #. Open a console application (e.g. Konsole on KDE) - #. Set the amount of scrollback to 'unlimited' (for :program:`Konsole`: :menuselection:`Settings - --> Edit Current Profile --> Scrolling --> Unlimited Scrollback`) + #. Set the amount of scrollback to 'unlimited' (for :program:`Konsole`: :menuselection:`Settings --> Edit Current Profile --> Scrolling --> Unlimited Scrollback`) #. Start Krita by typing 'krita' and create any document - #. Press :kbd:`Ctrl + Shift + T`, you will see a message box telling the logging - has started + #. Press :kbd:`Ctrl + Shift + T`, you will see a message box telling the logging has started #. Try to reproduce your problem #. The console is now filled with the log. Attach it to a bug report #. Attach all this data to a bug report using public paste services like paste.kde.org Windows ~~~~~~~ -First check whether your tablet's driver is correctly installed. Often, -a driver update, a Windows update or the installation of Razer gaming -mouse driver breaks tablets. +First check whether your tablet's driver is correctly installed. Often, a driver update, a Windows update or the installation of Razer gaming mouse driver breaks tablets. -Then check whether switching to the Windows 8 Pointer API makes a -difference: Settings --> Configure Krita --> Tablet. +Then check whether switching to the Windows 8 Pointer API makes a difference: :menuselection:`Settings --> Configure Krita --> Tablet`. -If you still have problems with Windows and your tablet, then we cannot -help you without a tablet log. +If you still have problems with Windows and your tablet, then we cannot help you without a tablet log. -#. Install - `DebugView `_ - from the official Microsoft site +#. Install `DebugView `_ from the official Microsoft site #. Start :program:`DebugView` #. Start :program:`Krita` #. Press :kbd:`Ctrl + Shift + T`, you will see a message box telling the logging has started #. Try to reproduce your problem #. Go back to DebugView and save its output to a file. Attach this file to a bug report or paste it using services like paste.kde.org. -However, in 100% of the cases where Windows users have reported that their tablet -didn't work over the past five years the problem has been either a buggy driver or -a broken driver installation but not a bug in Krita. +However, in 100\% of the cases where Windows users have reported that their tablet didn't work over the past five years, the problem has been either a buggy driver or a broken driver installation, but not a bug in Krita. How to fix a tablet offset on multiple screen setup on Windows -------------------------------------------------------------- -If you see that your tablet pointer has an offset when working with -Krita canvas, it might be highly probable that Krita got incorrect -screen resolution from the system. That problem happens mostly when an -external monitor is present and when either the monitor or a tablet was -connected after the system boot. +If you see that your tablet pointer has an offset when working with Krita canvas, it might be highly probable that Krita got incorrect screen resolution from the system. That problem happens mostly when an external monitor is present and when either a monitor or a tablet was connected after the system boot. -Now, there is a simple solution to fix this data manually. +You can fix this issue manually by: -#. Lay you stylus aside -#. Start Krita without using a stylus, that is using a mouse or a - keyboard -#. Press Shift key and hold it -#. Touch a tablet with your stylus so Krita would recognize it +#. Put your stylus away from the tablet. +#. Start Krita without using a stylus, that is using a mouse or a keyboard. +#. Press Shift key and hold it. +#. Touch a tablet with your stylus so Krita would recognize it. -You will see a special dialog asking for the real screen resolution. Choose -the correct value or enter it manually and press OK. +You will see a special dialog asking for the real screen resolution. Choose the correct value or enter it manually and press OK. -If you have a dual monitor setup and only the top half of the screen is -reachable, you might have to enter the total width of both screens plus -the double height of your monitor in this field. +If you have a dual monitor setup and only the top half of the screen is reachable, you might have to enter the total width of both screens plus the double height of your monitor in this field. -If this didn't work, and if you have a Wacom tablet, an offset in the -canvas can be caused by a faulty Wacom preference file which is not -removed or replaced by reinstalling the drivers. +If this didn't work, and if you have a Wacom tablet, an offset in the canvas can be caused by a faulty Wacom preference file which is not removed or replaced by reinstalling the drivers. -To fix it, use the “Wacom Tablet Preference File Utility” to clear all -the preferences. This should allow Krita to detect the correct settings -automatically. +To fix it, use the “Wacom Tablet Preference File Utility” to clear all the preferences. This should allow Krita to detect the correct settings automatically. .. warning:: This will reset your tablets configuration, thus you will need to recalibrate/reconfigure it. *For Krita 3.3 or later:* You can try to :ref:`enable “Windows 8+ Pointer Input” `, but some features might not work with it. Microsoft Surface Pro and N-Trig -------------------------------- +-------------------------------- -Krita 3.3.0 and later supports the Windows Pointer API (Windows Ink) natively. -Your Surface Pro or other N-Trig enabled pen tablet should work out of -the box with Krita after you enable Windows Ink in Settings --> Configure Krita --> Tablet. +Krita 3.3.0 and later supports the Windows Pointer API (Windows Ink) natively. Your Surface Pro or other N-Trig enabled pen tablet should work out of the box with Krita after you enable Windows Ink in :menuselection:`Settings --> Configure Krita --> Tablet`. Tablet Pro and the Surface Pro ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ -Unlike Wacom's Companion, the Surface line of tablets doesn't have -working hardware buttons. Tablet Pro is a (non-free) utility that puts -virtual buttons on screen. Krita 3.1 and avobe will have -predefined shortcut profiles to work with Tablet Pro. +Unlike Wacom's Companion, the Surface line of tablets doesn't have working hardware buttons. Tablet Pro is a (non-free) utility that puts virtual buttons on screen. Krita 3.1 and avobe will have predefined shortcut profiles to work with Tablet Pro. http://tabletpro.net/ See http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WKXZgYqC3tI for instructions. Weird stuff happens on Windows, like ripples, rings, squiggles or poltergeists ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -Windows comes with a lot of settings to make it work with a pen. All -these settings can be annoying. This tool can help you set the settings -correctly when you're using a tablet: +Windows comes with a lot of settings to make it work with a pen. All these settings can be annoying. This tool can help you set the settings correctly when you're using a tablet: https://github.com/saveenr/Fix_My_Pen/releases Toolbox ======= Toolbox missing --------------- -You can reset the Workspace by pressing the right most button on the -toolbar, the Workspace switcher, and click on a desired Workspace from the list. +You can reset the Workspace by pressing the right most button on the toolbar, the Workspace switcher, and click on a desired Workspace from the list. -Or you can right-click on any docker title bar or open space in any toolbar, and -select Toolbox. It's the first option. +Or you can right-click on any docker title bar or open space in any toolbar, and select Toolbox. It's the first option. -Also, you can check the Settings menu, it got lots of interesting stuff, then go -to the Dockers menu and select Toolbox. +Also, you can check the Settings menu, it has got a lot of interesting stuff, then go to the Dockers menu and select Toolbox. Tool icons size is too big -------------------------- Right click the toolbox to set the size. Krita can't get maximized ------------------------- -This happens when your dockers are placed in such a way that the window cannot -be made less high. Rearrange your Workspace. +This happens when your dockers are placed in such a way that the window cannot be made less high. Rearrange your Workspace. Resources ========= Is there a way to restore a default brush that I have mistakenly overwritten with new settings to default? ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Yes. First go to the resource folder, which is in Linux :file:`$HOME/.local/share/krita/` Windows :file:`user\\Appdata\\Roaming\\krita\\` or :file:`%APPDATA%\\Roaming\\krita\\` OSX :file:`~/Library/Application Support/Krita/` You can easily do this by going into :menuselection:`Settings --> Manage Resources --> Open Resource Folder`. Then go into the paintoppressets folder and remove the latest created file that you made of your preset. After that go back to the resources folder and edit the blacklist file to remove the previous paintoppreset so Krita will load it. (Yes, it is a bit of a convoluted system, but at the least you don't lose your brushes) How do I set favorite presets? ------------------------------ -Right-click a brush in the brush docker and assign it a tag. Then when -clicking the lower-right settings icon you can pick you tag. +Right-click a brush in the brush docker and assign it a tag. Then right-click on canvas to call popup palette, click the second right-most icon on the bottom-right of the palette, now you can pick the tag which contains the brush you assigned to it. Can Krita load Photoshop Brushes? --------------------------------- -Yes, but there are limitations. You can load ABR files by using the Add -Brush button in the predefined brush tab in the brush editor. Since -Adobe hasn’t disclosed the file format specification, we depend on -reverse-engineering to figure out what to load, and currently that’s -limited to basic features. +Yes, but there are limitations. You can load ABR files by using the by using the Import button in the Predefined brush tab in the brush editor. Since Adobe hasn’t disclosed the file format specification, we depend on reverse-engineering to figure out what to load, and currently that’s limited to basic features. Krita is slow ============= -There is a myriad of reasons why this might be. Below is a short -checklist. +There is a myriad of reasons why this might be. Below is a short checklist. - Something else is hogging the cpu. -- You are running Windows, and have 3rdparty security software like - Sandboxie or Total Defender installed -- you are working on images that are too big for your hardware - (dimensions, channel depth or number of layers) +- You are running Windows, and have 3rdparty security software like Sandboxie or Total Defender installed +- you are working on images that are too big for your hardware (dimensions, channel depth or number of layers) - you do not have canvas acceleration enabled Please also check this page: https://phabricator.kde.org/T7199 Slow start-up ------------- -You probably have too many resources installed. Deactivate some bundles -under Settings --> Manage Resources. +You probably have too many resources installed. Deactivate some bundles under :menuselection:`Settings --> Manage Resources`. -If you're using Windows and the portable zip file, Windows will scan all -files every time you start Krita. That takes ages. Either use the -installer or tell Microsoft Security Essentials to make an exception for -Krita. +If you're using Windows with the portable zip file, Windows will scan all files every time you start Krita. That takes ages. Either use the installer or tell Microsoft Security Essentials to make an exception for Krita. Slow Brushes ------------ -- Check if you accidentally turned on the stabilizer in the tool - options docker. -- Try another display filter like trilinear. Settings --> Configure Krita - --> Display. +- Check if you accidentally turned on the stabilizer in the tool options docker. +- Try another scaling mode like trilinear. :menuselection:`Settings --> Configure Krita --> Display`. - Try a lower channel depth than 16-bit. - For NVidia, try a 16-bit floating point color space. -- For AMD (Krita 2.9.10 and above), turn off the vector optimizations - that are broken on AMD CPUs. Settings --> Configure Krita --> Performance. -- It's a fairly memory hungry program, so 2GB of ram is the minimum, - and 4 gig is the preferable minimum. +- For AMD (Krita 2.9.10 and above), turn off the vector optimizations that are broken on AMD CPUs. :menuselection:`Settings --> Configure Krita --> Performance`. +- It's a fairly memory hungry program, so 2GB of ram is the minimum, and 4 gig is the preferable minimum. - Check that nothing else is hogging your CPU -- Check that Instant Preview is enabled if you're using bigger brushes - (but for very small brushes, make sure is disabled). +- Check that Instant Preview is enabled if you're using bigger brushes (but for very small brushes, make sure is disabled). - Set brush precision to 3 or auto. - Use a larger value for brush spacing. -- If all of this fails, record a video and post a link and description - on the Krita forum. -- Check whether OpenGL is enabled, and if it isn't, enable it. If it - is enabled, and you are on Windows, try the Angle renderer. Or disable it. +- If all of this fails, record a video and post a link and description on the Krita forum. +- Check whether OpenGL is enabled, and if it isn't, enable it. If it is enabled, and you are on Windows, try the Angle renderer. Or disable it. Slowdown after a been working for a while ----------------------------------------- -Once you have the slowdown, click on the image-dimensions in the status -bar. It will tell you how much Krita is using, if it has hit the -limit, or whether it's started swapping. Swapping can slow down a program a -lot, so either work on smaller images or turn up the maximum amount of -ram in Settings --> Configure Krita --> Performance. +Once you have the slowdown, click on the image-dimensions in the status bar. It will tell you how much RAM Krita is using, if it has hit the limit, or whether it has started swapping. Swapping can slow down a program a lot, so either work on smaller images or turn up the maximum amount of ram in :menuselection:`Settings --> Configure Krita --> Performance --> Advanced Tab`. Tools ===== Why does the Transform Tool give a good result and then get blurry upon finalizing? ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -The transform tool makes a preview that you edit before computing the -finalized version. As this preview is using the screen resolution rather -than the image resolution, it may feel that the result is blurry -compared to the preview. See -https://forum.kde.org/viewtopic.php?f=139&t=127269 for more info. +The transform tool makes a preview that you edit before computing the finalized version. As this preview is using the screen resolution rather than the image resolution, it may feel that the result is blurry compared to the preview. See https://forum.kde.org/viewtopic.php?f=139&t=127269 for more info. License, rights and the Krita Foundation ======================================== Who owns Krita? --------------- The Stichting Krita Foundation owns the Krita trademark. The copyright on the source code is owned by everyone who has worked on the source code. Who and what is Kiki? --------------------- -Kiki is a cybersquirrel. She’s our mascot and has been designed by Tyson Tan. -We choose a squirrel when we discovered that ‘krita’ is the Albanian -word for Squirrel. +Kiki is a cybersquirrel. She’s our mascot and has been designed by Tyson Tan. We choose a squirrel when we discovered that ‘krita’ is the Albanian word for Squirrel. Why is Krita Free? ------------------ -Krita is developed as `free software `_ within the -KDE community. We believe that good tools should be available for all -artists. You can also buy Krita on the Windows Store if you want to -support Krita's development or want to have automatic updates to newer -versions. +Krita is developed as `free software `_ within the KDE community. We believe that good tools should be available for all artists. You can also buy Krita on the Windows Store if you want to support Krita's development or want to have automatic updates to newer versions. Can I use Krita commercially? ----------------------------- -Yes. What you create with Krita is your sole property. You own your work -and can license your art however you want. Krita’s GPL license applies -to Krita’s source code. Krita can be used commercially by artists for -any purpose, by studios to make concept art, textures, or vfx, by game -artists to work on commercial games, by scientists for research, and by -students in educational institutions. +Yes. What you create with Krita is your sole property. You own your work and can license your art however you want. Krita’s GPL license applies to Krita’s source code. Krita can be used commercially by artists for any purpose, by studios to make concept art, textures, or vfx, by game artists to work on commercial games, by scientists for research, and by students in educational institutions. -If you modify Krita itself, and distribute the result, you have to share -your modifications with us. Krita’s GNU GPL license guarantees you this -freedom. Nobody is ever permitted to take it away. +If you modify Krita itself, and distribute the result, you have to share your modifications with us. Krita’s GNU GPL license guarantees you this freedom. Nobody is ever permitted to take it away. .. _krita_android: .. _krita_ios: Can I get Krita for iPad? for Android? -------------------------------------- Not at this point in time. Who translates Krita -------------------- -Krita is a `KDE application `__ — and proud of it! -That means that Krita’s translations are done by `KDE localization -teams `__. If you want to help out, join the team -for your language! There is another way you can help out making Krita -look good in any language, and that is join the development team and fix -issues within the code that make Krita harder to translate. +Krita is a `KDE application `_ — and proud of it! That means that Krita’s translations are done by `KDE localization teams `_. If you want to help out, join the team for your language! There is another way you can help out making Krita look good in any language, and that is join the development team and fix issues within the code that make Krita harder to translate. Reference ========= https://answers.launchpad.net/krita-ru/+faqs diff --git a/user_manual/getting_started/basic_concepts.rst b/user_manual/getting_started/basic_concepts.rst index 8f8a5fa26..2cc46ec9d 100644 --- a/user_manual/getting_started/basic_concepts.rst +++ b/user_manual/getting_started/basic_concepts.rst @@ -1,421 +1,421 @@ .. meta:: :description lang=en: An overview of the basic concepts of Krita. .. metadata-placeholder :authors: - Wolthera van Hövell tot Westerflier - Raghavendra Kamath - Irina Rempt - Tokiedian - AnetK - JakeD :license: GNU free documentation license 1.3 or later. .. index:: Basic Concepts, Color, Tools, View, Window, Filters, Transform, Grid, Guides, Layers, Masks, Vector .. _basic_concepts: ============== Basic Concepts ============== If this is your first foray into digital painting, this page should give you a brief introduction about the basic but important concepts required for getting started with digital painting in Krita. This page is very, very long because it tries to cover all the important things you should know Krita is capable of, and Krita is really powerful. So this page can also be considered a guide through Krita's most important functionality. Hopefully it will help you grasp what buttons are for, even if you don't know the exact purpose of them. .. contents:: Raster and Vector ----------------- Even though Krita is primarily a raster based application, it has some vector editing capabilities as well. If you are new to Digital painting medium, it is necessary that you know the concepts of raster and vector. In digital imaging, a pixel (Picture Element) is a basic and lowest element of an Image. It is basically a grid of points each displaying specific color. Raster editing is manipulating and editing these pixels. For example when you take a 1-pixel brush which is colored black and painting on the white canvas in Krita you are actually changing the color of the pixel beneath your brush from white to black. When you zoom in and see a brush stroke you can notice many small squares with colors, these are pixels .. image:: /images/en/Pixels-brushstroke.png :align: center In contrast, vector graphic work is based on mathematical expressions. They are independent of the pixel. For example, when you draw a rectangle on a vector layer in Krita you are actually drawing paths passing through points called nodes which are located on specific co-ordinates on the 'x' and 'y' axes. When you re-size or move these points the computer calculates and redraws the path and displays the newly formed shape to you. Hence you can re-size the vector shape to any extent without any loss in quality. In Krita everything which is not on a vector layer is raster based. Images, Views and Windows ------------------------- In a painting program, there are three major containers that make up your work-space. Image ~~~~~ The most important one is the **Image**. This is an individual copy of the image you opened or made via the file dialog, and where you edit your file. Krita can allow you to open the file as a new copy via the file menu, or to save it as a new file, or make an incremental save. An image contains layers, a color space, a canvas size and metadata such as creator, data created, and DPI. Krita can open multiple images at once, you can switch between them via the :guilabel:`window` menu. Because the image is a working copy of the image on the hard drive, you can do a lot of little saving tricks with it: New Makes a new image. When you press :menuselection:`save`, you make a new file on the hard drive. Open Makes an internal copy of an existing image. When you press :menuselection:`save`, you will overwrite the original existing image with your working copy. Open existing image as new Similar to Open, however, :menuselection:`save` will request you to specify a saving location: you're making a new copy. This is similar to :menuselection:`import` in other programs. Create Copy From Current Image Similar to :menuselection:`Open Existing Image as new` but with the currently selected image. Save incremental Allows you to quickly make a snapshot of the current image by making a new file with a versioning number added to it. These options are great for people doing production work, who need to switch between files quickly, or have backup files in case they do something extreme. Krita also has a file backup system in the form of auto-saves and back files and crash recovery. You can configure these in the general settings. You view the image via a **View**. View ~~~~ A view is the window onto your image. Krita allows you to have multiple views, and you can manipulate the view to zoom, rotate and mirror and modify the color of the way you see an image without editing the image itself. This is very useful for artists, as changing the way they view the image is a common way to diagnose mistakes, like skewing to one side. Mirroring with :kbd:`m` makes such skewing easy to identify. If you have trouble drawing certain curves you will enjoy using rotation for drawing, and of course there is zooming in and out for precision and rough work. .. figure:: /images/en/Krita_multiple_views.png :align: center Multiple views of the same image in Krita Multiple views are possible in Krita via :menuselection:`window --> new view --> image name`. You can switch between them via the :guilabel:`window` menu, or :kbd:`ctrl + tab`, or keep them in the same area when **subwindow** mode is active in the :ref:`settings `, via :menuselection:`Window --> Tile`. Dockers ~~~~~~~ Dockers are little subwindows in :ref:`Krita's interface `. They contain useful tools, like the color selector, layer stack, tool options etc. .. image:: /images/en/Dockers.png :align: center The image above shows some of the dockers in Krita All the views and the dockers are held inside **Windows** Window ~~~~~~ If you've used a computer before, you know what windows are: They are big containers for your computer programs. Krita allows you to have multiple windows via :menuselection:`window --> new window`. You can then drag this to another monitor for multi-monitor use. The image below shows an example of multiple windows in Krita. .. image:: /images/en/Multi-window.png :align: center Canvas in Krita --------------- When you create a new document in Krita for the first time you will see a rectangular white area. This is called a canvas. You can see it in the image below. The area marked by a red rectangle is a canvas. .. image:: /images/en/Canvas-krita.png :align: center When you save the painting as jpg, png etc or take a print out of the painting, only the content inside this area is taken into consideration. Anything beyond it is ignored. Krita does store information beyond this area, you just won't be able to see it. This data is stored in the **Layers**. Layers and Compositing ---------------------- Like a landscape painter will first paint the sky and then the furthest away elements before slowly working his way to the foreground elements, computers will do the same with all the things you tell them to draw. So, if you tell them to draw a circle after a square on the same spot, the circle will always be drawn later. This is called the **Drawing Order**. The layer stack is a way for you to separate elements of a drawing and manipulate the drawing order by showing you which layers are drawn when, and allowing you to change the order they are drawn in, and all sorts of other effects. This is called **Compositing**. This allows you to have line art above the colors, or trees before the mountains, and edit each without affecting the other. Krita has many layer-types, each doing a slightly different thing: :ref:`paint_layers` Also known as raster layers, and the most common layer type, you will be painting on these. :ref:`vector_layers` This is a layer type on which you draw vector graphics. Vector graphics are typically more simple than raster graphics and with the benefit that you can deform them with less blurriness. :ref:`group_layers` These allow you to group several layers via drag and drop, so you can organize, move, apply masks and perform other actions on them together. :ref:`clone_layers` These are copies of the layer you selected when making them. They get updated automatically when changing the original. :ref:`file_layers` These refer to an outside existing image, and update as soon as the outside image updates. Useful for logos and emblems that change a lot. :ref:`fill_layers` These layers are filled with something that Krita can make up on the fly, like colors or patterns. :ref:`filter_layers` Adding a filter in the layer-stack. We discuss these later on. You can manipulate the content of the layers with **Tools**. Tools ----- Tools help you manipulate the image data. The most common one is of course, the freehand brush, which is the default when you open Krita. There are roughly five types of tools in Krita: Paint Tools These are tools for painting on paint layers. They describe shapes, like rectangles, circles and straight lines, but also freehand paths. These shapes then get used by the Brush engines to make shapes and drawing effects. Vector Tools This is the upper row of tools, which are used to edit vectors. Interestingly enough, all paint tools except the freehand brush allow you to draw shapes on the vector layers. These don't get a brush engine effect applied to them, though. Selection Tools Selections allow you to edit a very specific area of the layer you are working on without affecting the others. The selection tools allow you modify the current selection. This is not unlike using masking-fluids in traditional painting, but whereas using masking fluids and film is often messy and delicate, selections are far easier to use. Guide Tools These are tools like grids and assistants. Transform Tools These are tools that allow you to transform your image. More on that later. All tools can be found in the toolbox, and information can be found in the tools section of the manual. Brush Engines ------------- Brush engines, like mentioned before, take a path and tablet information and add effects to it, making a stroke. Engine is a term programmers use to describe a complex interacting set of code that is the core for a certain functionality, and is highly configurable. In short, like the engine of your car drives your car, and the type of engine and its configuration affects how you use your car, the brush engine drives the look and feel of the brush, and different brush engines have different results. Krita has :ref:`a LOT of different brush engines `, all with different effects. .. figure:: /images/en/Krita_example_differentbrushengines.png :align: center **Left:** pixel brush, **Center:** color smudge brush, **Right:** sketch brush For example, the pixel-brush engine is simple and allows you to do most of your basic work, but if you do a lot of painting, the color smudge brush engine might be more useful. Even though it's slower to use than the Pixel Brush engine, its mixing of colors allows you to work faster. If you want something totally different from that, the sketch brush engine helps with making messy lines, and the shape brush engine allows you to make big flats quickly. There are a lot of cool effects inside Krita's brush engines, so try them all out, and be sure to check the chapters on each. You can configure these effects via the Brush Settings drop-down, which can be quickly accessed via :kbd:`f5`. These configurations can then be saved into presets, which you can quickly access with :kbd:`f6` or the Brush Presets docker. Brushes draw with colors, but how do computers understand colors? Colors ------ Humans can see a few million colors, which are combinations of electromagnetic waves (light) bouncing off a surface, where the surface absorbs some of it. .. figure:: /images/en/Krita_basics_primaries.png :align: center Subtractive CMY colors on the left and additive RGB colors on the right. This difference means that printers benefit from color conversion before printing When painting traditionally, we use pigments which also absorb the right light-waves for the color we want it to have, but the more pigments you combine, the more light is absorbed, leading to a kind of murky black. This is why we call the mixing of paints **subtractive**, as it subtracts light the more pigments you put together. Because of that, in traditional pigment mixing, our most efficient primaries are three fairly light colors: Cyan blue and Magenta red and Yellow (CMY). A computer also uses three primaries and uses a specific amount of each primary in a color as the way it stores color. However, a computer is a screen that emits light. So it makes more light, which means it needs to do **additive** mixing, where adding more and more colored lights result in white. This is why the three most efficient primaries, as used by computers are Red, Green and Blue (RGB). Per pixel, a computer then stores the value of each of these primaries, with the maximum depending on the bit-depth. These are called the **components** or **channels** depending on who you talk to. .. figure:: /images/en/Krita_basic_channel_rose.png :align: left This is the red-channel of an image of a red rose. As you can see, the petals are white here, indicating that those areas contain full red. The leaves are much darker, indicating a lack of red, which is to be expected, as they are green. Though by default computers use RGB, they can also convert to CMYK (the subtractive model), or a perceptual model like LAB. In all cases this is just a different way of indicating how the colors relate to each other, and each time it usually has 3 components. The exception here is grayscale, because the computer only needs to remember how white a color is. This is why grayscale is more efficient memory-wise. In fact, if you look at each channel separately, they also look like grayscale images, but instead white just means how much Red, Green or Blue there is. Krita has a very complex color management system, which you can read more about :ref:`here `. Transparency ~~~~~~~~~~~~ Just like Red, Green and Blue, the computer can also store how transparent a pixel is. This is important for **compositing** as mentioned before. After all, there's no point in having multiple layers if you can't have transparency. Transparency is stored in the same way as colors, meaning that it's also a channel. We usually call this channel the **alpha channel** or **alpha** for short. The reason behind this is that the letter 'α' is used to represent it in programming. Some older programs don't always have transparency by default. Krita is the opposite: it doesn't understand images that don't track transparency, and will always add a transparency channel to images. When a given pixel is completely transparent on all layers, Krita will instead show a checkerboard pattern, like the rose image to the left. Blending modes ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Because colors are stored as numbers you can do maths with them. We call this **Blending Modes** or **Compositing Modes**. Blending modes can be done per layer or per brush stroke, and thus are also part of the compositing of layers. Multiply A commonly used blending mode is for example :menuselection:`Multiply` which multiplies the components, leading to darker colors. This allows you to simulate the subtractive mixing, and thus makes painting shadows much easier. Addition Another common one is :menuselection:`Addition`, which adds one layer's components to the other, making it perfect for special glow effects. Erasing :menuselection:`Erasing` is a blending mode in Krita. There is no eraser tool, but you can toggle on the brush quickly with :kbd:`E` to become an eraser. You can also use it on layers. Unlike the other blending modes, this one only affects the alpha channel, making things more transparent. Normal The :menuselection:`Normal` blend mode just averages between colors depending on how transparent the topmost color is. Krita has 76 blending modes, each doing slightly different things. Head over to the :ref:`blending_modes` to learn more. Because we can see channels as grayscale images, we can convert grayscale images into channels. Like for example, we can use a grayscale image for the transparency. We call these **Masks**. Masks ----- Masks are a type of sub-effect applied to a layer, usually driven by a grayscale image. The primary type of mask is a :ref:`transparency_masks`, which allows you to use a grayscale image to determine the transparency, where black makes everything transparent and white makes the pixel fully opaque. You can paint on masks with any of the brushes, or convert a normal paint-layer to a mask. The big benefit of masks is that you can make things transparent without removing the underlying pixels. Furthermore, you can use masks to reveal or hide a whole group layer at once! For example, we have a white ghost lady here: .. image:: /images/en/Krita_ghostlady_1.png :align: center But you can't really tell whether she's a ghost lady or just really really white. If only we could give the idea that she floats... We right-click the layer and add a transparency mask. Then, we select that mask and draw with a black and white linear gradient so that the black is below. .. image:: /images/en/Krita_ghostlady_2.png :align: center Wherever the black is, there the lady now becomes transparent, turning her into a real ghost! The name mask comes from traditional masking fluid and film. You may recall the earlier comparison of selections to traditional masking fluid. Selections too are stored internally as grayscale images, and you can save them as a local selection which is kind of like a mask, or convert them to a transparency mask. Filters ------- We mentioned earlier that you can do maths with colors. But you can also do maths with pixels, or groups of pixels or whole layers. In fact, you can make Krita do all sorts of little operations on layers. We call these operations **Filters**. Examples of such operations are: Desaturate This makes all the pixels turn gray. Blur This averages the pixels with their neighbors, which removes sharp contrasts and makes the whole image look blurry. Sharpen This increases the contrast between pixels that had a pretty high contrast to begin with. Color to Alpha A popular filter which makes all of the chosen color transparent. .. figure:: /images/en/Krita_basic_filter_brush.png :align: right Different filter brushes being used on different parts of the image. Krita has many more filters available: read about them :ref:`here `. :ref:`filter_brush_engine` ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Because many of these operations are per pixel, Krita allows you to use the filter as part of the :ref:`filter_brush_engine`. In most image manipulation software, these are separate tools, but Krita has it as a brush engine, allowing much more customization than usual. This means you can make a brush that desaturates pixels, or a brush that changes the hue of the pixels underneath. Filter Layers, Filter Masks and Layer Styles -~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ +~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Krita also allows you to let the Filters be part of the layer stack, via :ref:`filter_layers` and :ref:`filter_masks`. Filter Layers affect all the layers underneath it in the same hierarchy. Transparency and transparency masks on Filter Layers affect where the layer is applied. Masks, on the other hand, can affect one single layer and are driven by a grayscale image. They will also affect all layers in a group, much like a transparency mask. We can use these filters to make our ghost lady look even more ethereal, by selecting the ghost lady's layer, and then creating a clone layer. We then right click and add a filter mask and use gaussian blur set to 10 or so pixels. The clone layer is then put behind the original layer, and set to the blending mode '**Color Dodge**', giving her a definite spooky glow. You can keep on painting on the original layer and everything will get updated automatically! .. image:: /images/en/Krita_ghostlady_3.png :align: center Layer Effects or Layer Styles are :program:`Photoshop's` unique brand of Filter Masks that are a little faster than regular masks, but not as versatile. They are available by right clicking a layer and selecting 'layer style'. Transformations --------------- **Transformations** are kind of like filters, in that these are operations done on the pixels of an image. We have regular image and layer wide transformations in the image and layer top menus, so that you may resize, flip and rotate the whole image. We also have the :ref:`crop_tool`, which only affects the canvas size, and the :ref:`move_tool` which only moves a given layer. However, if you want more control, Krita offers a :ref:`transform_tool`. .. image:: /images/en/Krita_transforms_free.png :align: center With this tool you can rotate and resize on the canvas, or put it in perspective. Or you can use advanced transform tools, like the warp, cage and liquefy, which allow you to transform by drawing custom points or even by pretending it's a transforming brush. :ref:`deform_brush_engine` ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Like the filter brush engine, Krita also has a Deform Brush Engine, which allows you to transform with a brush. The deform is like a much faster version of the Liquefy transform tool mode, but in exchange, its results are of much lower quality. .. figure:: /images/en/Krita_transforms_deformvsliquefy.png :align: center Apple transformed into a pear with liquefy on the left and deform brush on the right. Furthermore, you can't apply the deform brush as a non-destructive mask. :ref:`transformation_masks` ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Like filters, transforms can be applied as a non-destructive operation that is part of the layer stack. Unlike filter and transparency masks however, transform masks can't be driven by a grayscale image, for technical reasons. You can use transform masks to deform clone and file layers as well. :ref:`animation` ---------------- .. image:: /images/en/Introduction_to_animation_walkcycle_02.gif :align: center In 3.0, Krita got raster animation support. You can use the timeline, animation and onionskin dockers, plus Krita's amazing variety of brushes to do raster based animations, export those, and then turn them into movies or gifs. Assistants, Grids and Guides ---------------------------- With all this technical stuff, you might forget that Krita is a painting program. Like how an illustrator in real life can have all sorts of equipment to make drawing easier, Krita also offers a variety of tools: .. figure:: /images/en/Krita_basic_assistants.png :align: center Krita's vanishing point assistants in action :ref:`grids_and_guides_docker` Very straightforward guiding tools which shows grids or guiding lines that can be configured. :ref:`snapping` You can snap to all sorts of things. Grids, guides, extensions, orthogonals, image centers and bounding boxes. :ref:`painting_with_assistants` Because you can hardly put a ruler against your tablet to help you draw, the assistants are there to help you draw concentric circles, perspectives, parallel lines and other easily forgotten but tricky to draw details. Krita allows you to snap to these via the tool options as well. These guides are saved into Krita's native format, which means you can pick up your work easily afterwards. customization ------------- This leads to the final concept: customization. In addition to rearranging the dockers according to your preferences, Krita provides and saves your configurations as :ref:`resource_workspaces`. This is the button at the top right. You can also configure the toolbar via :menuselection:`settings --> configure Toolbars`, as well as the shortcuts under both :menuselection:`settings --> Configure Krita --> Configure Shortcuts` and :menuselection:`settings --> configure Krita --> Canvas Input Settings`. diff --git a/user_manual/japanese_animation_template.rst b/user_manual/japanese_animation_template.rst index a68096259..54b93c0bf 100644 --- a/user_manual/japanese_animation_template.rst +++ b/user_manual/japanese_animation_template.rst @@ -1,96 +1,96 @@ .. meta:: :description: Detailed explaination on how to use the animation template. .. metadata-placeholder :authors: - Saisho Kazuki - Tokiedian - Scott Petrovic :license: GNU free documentation license 1.3 or later. .. index:: Animation, Template .. _japanese_animation_template: =========================== Japanese Animation Template =========================== This template is used to make Japanese-style animation. It is designed on the assumption that it was used in co-production, so please customize its things like layer folders according to scale and details of your works. Basic structure of its layers ============================= Layers are organized so that your work will start from lower layers go to higher layers, except for coloring layers. .. image:: /images/en/Layer_Organization.png Its layer contents ================== from the bottom Layout Paper These layers are a form of layout paper. Anime tap holes are prepared on separate layers in case you have to print it out and continue your drawing traditionally. Layout (Background) These layers will contain background scenery or layouts which are scanned from a traditional drawing. If you don't use them, you can remove them. Key drafts These layers are used to draw layouts digitally. Keys Where you add some details to the layouts and arrange them to draw "keys" of animation. Inbetweening Where you add inbetweens to keys for the process of coloring, and remove unnecessary details to finalize keys (To be accurate, I finish finalization of keys before beginning to add inbetweens) Coloring (under Inbetweening) Where you fill areas with colors according to specification of inbetweens. Time Sheet and Composition sheet This contains a time sheet and composition sheet. Please rotate them before using. Color set This contains colors used to draw main and auxiliary line art and fill highlight or shadows. You can add them to your palette. Basic steps to make animation ============================= Key draft --> assign them into Time sheet (or adjust them on Timeline, then assign them into Time sheet) --> adjust them on Timeline --> add frames to draw drafts for inbetweening if you need them --> Start drawing Keys .. image:: /images/en/Keys_drafts.png You can add layers and add them to timeline. .. image:: /images/en/Add_Timeline_1.png .. image:: /images/en/Add_Timeline_2.png This is due difference between 24 drawing per second, which is used in Full Animation, and 12 drawing per second and 8 drawings per second, which are used in Limited Animation, on the Timeline docker. .. image:: /images/en/24_12_and_8_drawing_per_sec.png This is correspondence between Timeline and Time sheet. "Black" layer is to draw main line art which are used ordinary line art, "Red" layer is to draw red auxiliary linearts which are used to specify highlights, "Blue" layer is to draw blue auxiliary linearts which are used to specify shadows, and "Shadow" layer is to draw light green auxiliary line art which are used to specify darker shadows. However, probably you have to increase or decrease these layers according to your work. .. image:: /images/en/Time_sheet_1.png Finished keys, you will begin to draw the inbetweens. If you feel Krita is becoming slow, I recommend you to merge key drafts and keys, as well as to remove any unnecessary layers. After finalizing keys and cleaning up unnecessary layers, add inbetweenings, using Time sheet and inbetweening drafts as reference. This is its correspondence with Time sheetL .. image:: /images/en/Inbetweening.png Once the vector functionality of Krita becomes better, I recommend you to use vector to finalize inbetweening. If you do the colors in Krita, please use Coloring group layer. If you do -colors in other software, I recommend to export frames as *.TGA files. +colors in other software, I recommend to export frames as \*.TGA files. Resolution ---------- I made this template in 300 dpi because we have to print them to use them in traditional works which still fill an important role in Japanese Anime Studio. However, if you stick to digital, 150-120 dpi is enough to make animation. So you can decrease its resolution according to your need. Originally written by Saisho Kazuki, Japanese professional animator, and translated by Tokiedian, KDE contributor. diff --git a/user_manual/loading_saving_brushes.rst b/user_manual/loading_saving_brushes.rst index 35631b9f7..21b750e21 100644 --- a/user_manual/loading_saving_brushes.rst +++ b/user_manual/loading_saving_brushes.rst @@ -1,479 +1,479 @@ .. meta:: :description: Detailed guide on the brush settings dialog in Krita as well as how to make your own brushes and how to share them. .. metadata-placeholder :authors: - Wolthera van Hövell tot Westerflier - Raghavendra Kamath - Scott Petrovic :license: GNU free documentation license 1.3 or later. .. index:: Brush Settings .. _loading_saving_brushes: ========================== Loading and Saving Brushes ========================== In the real world, when painting or drawing, you don't just use one tool. You use pencils, erasers, paintbrushes, different types of paint, inks, crayons, etcetera. All these have different ways of making marks. In a digital program like Krita you have something similar. We call this a brush engine. And much like how cars have different engines that give different feels when driving, or how pencils make distinctly different marks than rollerbal pens, different brush engines have totally different feels. The brush engines have a lot of different settings as well. So, you can save those settings into presets. Unlike Photoshop, Krita makes a difference between brush-tips and brush-presets. Tips are only a stamp of sorts, while the preset uses a tip and many other settings to create the full brush. The Brush settings dropdown --------------------------- To start, the Brush Settings Editor panel can be accessed in the toolbar, between the Blending Modes button on the right and the Patterns button on the left. Alternately, you can use the function key f5 to open it. When you open Brush Settings Editor panel you will see something like this: Tour of the brush settings dropdown ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ .. image:: /images/en/Krita_4_0_Brush_Settings_Layout.svg :width: 800 The brush settings drop down is divided into six areas, Section A - General Information ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ This contains the **Preset Icon**, **Live Brush Preview**, the **Preset Name**, the **Engine** name, and several buttons for saving, renaming, and reloading. Krita's brush settings are stored into the metadata of a 200x200 png(The KPP file), where the image in the png file becomes the preset icon. This icon is used everywhere in Krita, and is useful for differentiating brushes in ways that the live preview cannot. The live preview shows a stroke of the current brush as a little s-curve wiggle, with the pressure being non-existent on the left, and increasing to full pressure as it goes to the right. It can thus show the effect of the Pressure, Drawing Angle, Distance, Fade and Fuzzy Dab sensors, but none of the others. For some brush engines it cannot show anything. For the color smudge, filter brush and clone tool, it shows an alternating line pattern because these brush engines use the pixels already on canvas to change their effect. After the preset name, there's a button for **renaming** the brush. This will save the brush as a new brush and blacklist the previous name. Engine '''''' The engine of a brush is the underlying programming that generates the stroke from a brush. What that means is that different brush engines have different options and different results. You can see this as the difference between using crayons, pencils and inks, but because computers are maths devices, most of our brush engines produce different things in a more mathematical way. For most artists the mathematical nature doesn't matter as much as the different textures and marks each brush engine, and each brush engine has its own distinct flavor and use, and can be further customized by modifying the options. Reloading ''''''''' If you change a preset, an icon will appear behind the engine name. This is the :guilabel:`reload` button. You can use it to revert to the original brush settings. Saving a preset. '''''''''''''''' -On the right, there's :guibale:`Save New Preset` and :guilabel:`Overwrite Preset`. +On the right, there's :guilabel:`Save New Preset` and :guilabel:`Overwrite Preset`. Overwrite Preset This will only enable if there are any changes. Pressing this will override the current preset with the new settings, keeping the name and the icon intact. It will always make a timestamped back up in the resources folder. Save New Preset Will take the current preset and all its changes and save it as a new preset. If no change was made, you will be making a copy of the current preset. Save new preset will call up the following window, with a mini scratch pad, and all sorts of options to change the preset icon: .. image:: /images/en/Krita_4_0_Save_New_Brush_Preset_Dialog.png The image on the left is a mini scratchpad, you can draw on it with the current brush, allowing small modifications on the fly. Brush Name The Name of your brush. This is also used for the KPP file. If there's already a brush with that name, it will effectively overwrite it. Load Existing Thumbnail This will load the existing thumbnail inside the preset. Load scratch pad thumbnail This will load the dashed area from the big scratch pad(Section C) into the thumbnail area. Load Image With this you can choose an image from disk to load as a thumbnail. Load from Icon Library This opens up the icon library. Clear Thumbnail This will make the mini scratch pad white. The Icon Library '''''''''''''''' To make making presets icons faster, Krita got an icon library. .. image:: /images/en/Krita_4_0_Preset_Icon_Library_Dialog.png It allows you to select tool icons, and an optional small emblem. When you press OK it will load the resulting combination into the mini scratch pad and you can draw in the stroke. If you go to your resources folder(), there's a folder there called "preset\_icons", and in this folder there are "tool\_icons" and "emblem\_icons". You can add semi-transparent pngs here and Krita will load those into the icon library as well so you can customize your icons even more! At the top right of the icon library, there are three sliders. They allow you to adjust the tool icon. The top two are the same Hue and Saturation as in HSL adjustment, ad the lowest slider is a super simple levels filter. This is done this way because the levels filter allows maintaining the darkest shadows and brightest highlights on a tool icon, making it much better for quick adjustments. If you're done with everything, you can press save in the Save New Preset dialog and Krita will save the new brush. Section B - The Preset Chooser ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ The preset chooser is much the same as the preset docker and the preset dropdown on F6. It's unique in that it allows you to filter by engine and this is also where you can create brushes for an engine from scratch. It is by default collapsed, so you will need to press the arrow at the top left of the brush engine to show it. The top drop down is set to “all” by default, which means it shows all engines. It then shows a tag section where you can select the tags, the preset list and the search bar. Underneath that there's a plus icon, which when pressed gives you the full list of Krita's engines. Selecting an engine from the list will for that engine. The trashcan icon does the same as it does in the preset docker: delete , or rather, blacklist a preset so it won't show up in the list. Section C - The Scratch pad ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ When you tweak your brushes, you want to be able to check what each setting does. That's why, to the right of the settings drop down, there is a scratch pad. It is by default collapsed, so you will have to press the arrow at the top right of the brush settings to show it. When saving a new preset, you can choose to get the icon from the scratch pad, this will load the dash area into the mini scratch pad of the Save New Preset dialog. The scratch pad has five buttons underneath it. These are in order for: #. Showing the current brush image #. Adding a gradient to the scratch pad(useful for smudge brushes) #. Filling with the background color #. Clearing everything on the scratch pad. Section D - The Options List ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ The options, as stated above, are different per brush engine. These represent the different parameters, toggles and knobs that you can turn to make a brush preset unique. For a couple of options, the main things to change are sliders and check boxes, but for a lot of them, they use curves instead. Some options can be toggled, as noted by the little check boxes next to them, but others, like flow and opacity are so fundamental to how the brush works, that they are always on. The little padlock icon next to the options is for locking the brush. This has its own page. Section E - Option Configuration Widget ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ Where section D is the list of options, section E is the widget where you can change things. Using sensor curves ''''''''''''''''''' One of the big important things that makes art unique to the artist who created it is the style of the strokes. Strokes are different because they differ in speed, rotation, direction, and the amount of pressure put onto the stylus. Because these are so important, we would want to customize how these values are understood in detail. The best way to do this is to use curves. Curves show up with the size widget for example. With an inking brush, we want to have size mapped to pressure. Just toggling the size option in the option list will do that. However, different people have different wrists and thus will press differently on their stylus. Someone who presses softly tends to find it easy to make thin strokes, but very difficult to make thick strokes. Conversely, someone who presses hard on their stylus naturally will have a hard time making thin strokes, but easily makes thick ones. Such a situation can be improved by using the curves to map pressure to output thinner lines or thicker ones. The brush settings curves even have quick curve buttons for these at the top. Someone who has a hard time making small strokes should try the second to last concave button, while someone who has a hard time making thick strokes should try the third button, the S shape. Underneath the curve widget there's two more options: Share Curves across all settings This is for the list of sensors. Toggling this will make all the sensors use the same curve. Unchecked, all checked sensors will have separate curves. Curves Calculation Mode This indicates how the multiple values of the sensor curves are used. The curves always go from 0 to 1.0, so if one curve outputs 0.5 and the other 0.7, then... Multiply Will multiply the two values, 0.5\*0.7 = 0.35 Addition Will add the two to a maximum of 1.0, so 0.5+0.7 = 1.2, which is then capped at 1.0. Maximum Will compare the two and pick the largest. So in the case of 0.5 and 0.7, the result is 0.7. Minimum Will compare the two and pick the smallest. So in the case of 0.5 and 0.7, the result is 0.5. Difference Will subtract the smallest value from the largest, so 0.7-0.5 = 0.2 It's maybe better to see with the following example: .. image:: /images/en/Krita_4_0_brush_curve_calculation_mode.png The first two are regular, the rest with different multiplication types. #. Is a brush with size set to the distance sensor. #. Is a brush with the size set to the fade sensor. #. The size is calculated from the fade and distance sensors multiplied. #. The size is calculated from the fade and distance sensors added to each other. Notice how thick it is. #. The size takes the maximum value from the values of the fade and distance sensors. #. The size takes the minimum value from the values of the face and distance sensors. #. The size is calculated by having the largest of the values subtracted with the smallest of the values. Section F - Miscellaneous options ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ Temporarily Save Tweaks to Preset (Dirty Presets) This enables dirty presets. Dirty presets store the tweaks you make as long as this session of Krita is active. After that, the revert to default. Dirtied presets can be recognized by the icon in the top-left of the preset. .. figure:: /images/en/Krita_4_0_dirty_preset_icon.png :figwidth: 450 The icon in the top left of the first two presets indicate it is “Dirty”, meaning there's tweaks made to the preset. Eraser Switch Size This switches the brush to a separately stored size when using the :kbd:`E` key. Eraser Switch Opacity Same as above, but then with Eraser opacity. Instant Preview This allows you to toggle instant preview on the brush. The Instant Preview has a super-secret feature: when you press the instant preview label, and then right click it, it will show a threshold slider. This slider determines at what brush size instant preview is activated for the brush. This is useful because small brushes can be slower with instant preview, so the threshold ensures it only activates when necessary. The On-canvas brush settings ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ There are on-canvas brush settings. If you open up the pop-up palette, there should be an icon on the bottom-right. Press that to show the on-canvas brush settings. You will see several sliders here, to quickly make small changes. At the top it shows the currently active preset. Next to that is a settings button, click that to get a list of settings that can be shown and organized for the given brush engine. You can use the up and down arrows to order their position, and then left and right arrows to add or remove from the list. You can also drag and drop. Making a Brush Preset --------------------- Now, let's make a simple brush to test the waters with: Getting a default for the brush engine. ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ First, open the settings with F5. Then, press the arrow on the upper left to open the preset chooser. There, press the “+” icon to get a list of engines. For this brush we're gonna make a pixel brush. Example: Making an inking brush ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ #. Draw on the scratch pad to see what the current brush looks like. If done correctly, you should have a 5px wide brush that has pressure set to opacity. #. Let us turn off the opacity first. Click on the :ref:`opacity ` option in the right-hand list. The settings should now be changed to a big curve. This is the sensor curve. #. Uncheck the :guilabel:`enable pen settings` checkbox. #. Test on the scratch pad... there still seems to be something affecting opacity. This is due the :ref:`flow ` option. #. Select the Flow option from the list on the right hand. Flow is like Opacity, except that Flow is per dab, and opacity is per stroke. #. Uncheck the :guilabel:`enable pen settings` checkbox here as well. Test again. #. Now you should be getting somewhere towards an inking brush. It is still too small however, and kinda grainy looking. Click :ref:`Brush Tip ` in the brush engine options. #. Here, diameter is the size of the brush-tip. You can touch the slider change the size, or right-click it and type in a value. Set it to 25 and test again. It should be much better. #. Now to make the brush feel a bit softer, turn down the fade parameter to about 0.9. This'll give the *brush mask* a softer edge. #. If you test again, you'll notice the fade doesn't seem to have much effect. This has to do with the spacing of the dabs: The closer they are together, the harder the line is. By default, this is 0.1, which is a bit low. If you set it to 10 and test, you'll see what kind of effect spacing has. The :ref:`Auto ` checkbox changes the way the spacing is calculated, and Auto Spacing with a value of 0.8 is the best value for inking brushes. Don't forget that you can use right-click to type in a value. #. Now, when you test, the fade seems to have a normal effect... except on the really small sizes, which look pixelly. To get rid of that, check the anti-aliasing check box. If you test again, the lines should be much nicer now. Saving the new Brush ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ When you're satisfied, go to the upper left and select “save new preset”. You will get the save preset dialog. Name the brush something like “My Preset”. Then, select “Load from Icon Library” to get the icon library. Choose a nice tool icon and press OK. The icon will be loaded into the mini scratch pad on the left. Now doodle a nice stroke next to it. If you feel you messed up, just go back to the icon library to load a new icon. Finally press “save”, and your brush should be done. You can further modify your inking brush by... Changing the amount of pressure you need to put on a brush to make it full size. To do this, select the :ref:`size ` option, and press the pressure sensor from the list next to the curve. The curve should look like a straight line. Now if you want a brush that gets big with little pressure, tick on the curve to make a point, and drag the point to the upper-left. The more the point is to the upper-left, the more extreme the effect. If you want instead a brush that you have to press really hard on to get to full size, drag the dot to the lower-right. Such a brush is useful for fine details. Don't forget to save the changes to your brush when done. Making the fine lines look even softer by using the flow option. To do this, select the flow option, and turn back on the enable pen settings check box. Now if you test this, it is indeed a bit softer, but maybe a bit too much. Click on the curve to make a dot, and drag that dot to the top-left, half-way the horizontal of the first square of the grid. Now, if you test, the thin lines are much softer, but the hard your press, the harder the brush becomes. Sharing Brushes --------------- Okay, so you've made a new brush and want to share it. There are several ways to share a brush preset. The recommended way to share brushes and presets is by using the resource bundle system. We have detailed instructions on how to use them on the :ref:`resource management page `. However, there's various old-fashioned ways of sharing brushes that can be useful when importing and loading very old packs: Sharing a single preset ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ There are three types of resources a single preset can take: #. A Paintoppreset file: This is the preset proper, with the icon and the curves stored inside. #. A Brush file: This is the brush tip. When using masked brushes, there's two of these. #. A Pattern file: this is when you are using textures. So when you have a brush that uses unique predefined tips for either brush tip or masked brush, or unique textures you will need to share those resources as well with the other person. To find those resources, go to :menuselection:`Settings --> Manage Resources --> Open Resource Folder`. There, the preset file will be inside paintoppresets, the brush tips inside brushes and the texture inside patterns. Importing a single KPP file. ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ Now, if you want to use the single preset, you should go to the preset chooser on f6 and press the folder icon there. This will give a file dialog. Navigate to the kpp file and open it to import it. If there's brush tips and patterns coming with the file, do the same with pattern via the pattern docker, and for the brush-tip go to the settings dropdown(f5) and then go to the “brush-tip” option. There, select predefined brush, and then the “import” button to call up the file dialog. Sharing via ZIP(old-fashioned) ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Sharing via ZIP should be replaced with resource bundles, but older brush packs are stored in zip files. Using a ZIP with the relevant files. ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ #. Go to :menuselection:`Settings --> Manage Resources --> Open Resource Folder` to open the resource folder. #. Then, open up the zip file. #. Copy the brushes, paintoppresets and patterns folders from the zip file to the resource folder. You should get a prompt to merge the folders, agree to this. #. Restart Krita #. Enjoy your brushes!