diff --git a/images/en/Dockers.png b/images/en/Dockers.png index dca466ada..8eb5f5788 100644 Binary files a/images/en/Dockers.png and b/images/en/Dockers.png differ diff --git a/images/en/Inherit-alpha-krita.jpg b/images/en/Inherit-alpha-krita.jpg index d21b691d5..9864d56d3 100644 Binary files a/images/en/Inherit-alpha-krita.jpg and b/images/en/Inherit-alpha-krita.jpg differ diff --git a/images/en/Krita_Brush_Preset_Docker.png b/images/en/Krita_Brush_Preset_Docker.png index 09ac725f0..62695a020 100644 Binary files a/images/en/Krita_Brush_Preset_Docker.png and b/images/en/Krita_Brush_Preset_Docker.png differ diff --git a/images/en/Krita_ghostlady_1.png b/images/en/Krita_ghostlady_1.png index e0df4380f..9aa787491 100644 Binary files a/images/en/Krita_ghostlady_1.png and b/images/en/Krita_ghostlady_1.png differ diff --git a/images/en/Krita_ghostlady_2.png b/images/en/Krita_ghostlady_2.png index 71ee072c3..861e18e6b 100644 Binary files a/images/en/Krita_ghostlady_2.png and b/images/en/Krita_ghostlady_2.png differ diff --git a/images/en/Krita_ghostlady_3.png b/images/en/Krita_ghostlady_3.png index 81d3c81ed..4df4da091 100644 Binary files a/images/en/Krita_ghostlady_3.png and b/images/en/Krita_ghostlady_3.png differ diff --git a/images/en/Krita_multiple_views.png b/images/en/Krita_multiple_views.png index dfd882e45..83cd31c78 100644 Binary files a/images/en/Krita_multiple_views.png and b/images/en/Krita_multiple_views.png differ diff --git a/user_manual/getting_started/basic_concepts.rst b/user_manual/getting_started/basic_concepts.rst index 86aa57d74..8bdffb624 100644 --- a/user_manual/getting_started/basic_concepts.rst +++ b/user_manual/getting_started/basic_concepts.rst @@ -1,381 +1,380 @@ .. meta:: :description lang=en: An overview of the basic concepts of Krita. .. metadata-placeholder :authors: - Wolthera van Hövell tot Westerflier - Raghavendra Kamath - Irina Rempt - Tokiedian - AnetK - JakeD :license: GNU free documentation license 1.3 or later. .. index:: Basic Concepts, Color, Tools, View, Window, Filters, Transform, Grid, Guides, Layers, Masks, Vector .. _basic_concepts: ============== Basic Concepts ============== If this is your first foray into digital painting, this page should give you a brief introduction to the basic but important concepts required for getting started with digital painting in Krita. -This page is very, very long because it tries to cover all the important things you should know Krita is capable of, and Krita is really powerful. So this page can also be considered a guide through Krita's most important functionality. Hopefully, it will help you grasp what buttons are for, even if you don't know the exact purpose of them. +This page is very long because it tries to cover all the important things you should know Krita is capable of, and Krita is really powerful. So this page can also be considered a guide through Krita's most important functionality. Hopefully, it will help you grasp what buttons are for, even if you don't know the exact purpose of them. .. contents:: Raster and Vector ----------------- Even though Krita is primarily a raster based application, it has some vector editing capabilities as well. If you are new to Digital painting medium, it is necessary that you know the concepts of raster and Vector. -In digital imaging, a pixel (Picture Element) is a basic and lowest element of an Image. It is basically a grid of points each displaying specific color. Raster editing is manipulating and editing these pixels. For example when you take a 1-pixel brush which is colored black and painting on the white canvas in Krita you are actually changing the color of the pixel beneath your brush from white to black. When you zoom in and see a brush stroke you can notice many small squares with colors, these are pixels +In digital imaging, a pixel (Picture Element) is a basic and lowest element of an Image. It is basically a grid of points each displaying specific color. Raster editing is manipulating and editing these pixels. For example when you take a 1-pixel brush which is colored black and painting on the white canvas in Krita you are actually changing the color of the pixel beneath your brush from white to black. When you zoom in and see a brush stroke you can notice many small squares with colors, these squares are called pixels. .. image:: /images/en/Pixels-brushstroke.png :align: center In contrast, vector graphic work is based on mathematical expressions. They are independent of the pixel. For example, when you draw a rectangle on a vector layer in Krita you are actually drawing paths passing through points called nodes which are located on specific coordinates on the 'x' and 'y' axes. When you re-size or move these points the computer calculates and redraws the path and displays the newly formed shape to you. Hence you can re-size the vector shape to any extent without any loss in quality. In Krita, everything which is not on a vector layer is raster based. Images, Views and Windows ------------------------- In a painting program, there are three major containers that make up your work-space. Image ~~~~~ The most important one is the **Image**. This is an individual copy of the image you opened or made via the file dialog, and where you edit your file. Krita can allow you to open the file as a new copy via the file menu, or to save it as a new file, or make an incremental save. An image contains layers, a color space, a canvas size and metadata such as creator, data created, and DPI. Krita can open multiple images at once, you can switch between them via the :guilabel:`window` menu. Because the image is a working copy of the image on the hard drive, you can do a lot of little saving tricks with it: New Makes a new image. When you press :menuselection:`save`, you make a new file on the hard drive. Open Makes an internal copy of an existing image. When you press :menuselection:`save`, you will overwrite the original existing image with your working copy. Open existing image as new Similar to Open, however, :menuselection:`save` will request you to specify a saving location: you're making a new copy. This is similar to :menuselection:`import` in other programs. Create Copy From Current Image Similar to :menuselection:`Open Existing Image as new` but with the currently selected image. Save incremental Allows you to quickly make a snapshot of the current image by making a new file with a version number added to it. These options are great for people doing production work, who need to switch between files quickly or have backup files in case they do something extreme. Krita also has a file backup system in the form of auto-saves and back files and crash recovery. You can configure these in the general settings. You view the image via a **View**. View ~~~~ -A view is a window onto your image. Krita allows you to have multiple views, and you can manipulate the view to zoom, rotate and mirror and modify the color of the way you see an image without editing the image itself. This is very useful for artists, as changing the way they view the image is a common way to diagnose mistakes, like skewing to one side. Mirroring with :kbd:`m` makes such skewing easy to identify. - +A view is a window onto your image. Krita allows you to have multiple views, and you can manipulate the view to zoom, rotate and mirror and modify the color of the way you see an image without editing the image itself. This is very useful for artists, as changing the way they view the image is a common way to diagnose mistakes, like unintentional skewed drawing to one side. Mirroring with :kbd:`m` makes such skewing easy to identify. If you have trouble drawing certain curves you will enjoy using rotation for drawing, and of course, there is zooming in and out for precision and rough work. .. figure:: /images/en/Krita_multiple_views.png :align: center Multiple views of the same image in Krita Multiple views are possible in Krita via :menuselection:`window --> new view --> image name`. You can switch between them via the :guilabel:`window` menu, or :kbd:`Ctrl + Tab`, or keep them in the same area when **subwindow** mode is active in the :ref:`settings `, via :menuselection:`Window --> Tile`. Dockers ~~~~~~~ Dockers are little subwindows in :ref:`Krita's interface `. They contain useful tools, like the color selector, layer stack, tool options etc. .. image:: /images/en/Dockers.png :align: center The image above shows some of the dockers in Krita All the views and the dockers are held inside **Windows** Window ~~~~~~ If you've used a computer before, you know what windows are: They are big containers for your computer programs. Krita allows you to have multiple windows via :menuselection:`window --> new window`. You can then drag this to another monitor for multi-monitor use. The image below shows an example of multiple windows in Krita. .. image:: /images/en/Multi-window.png :align: center Canvas in Krita --------------- When you create a new document in Krita for the first time you will see a rectangular white area. This is called a canvas. You can see it in the image below. The area marked by a red rectangle is a canvas. .. image:: /images/en/Canvas-krita.png :align: center When you save the painting as jpg, png etc or take a print out of the painting, only the content inside this area is taken into consideration. Anything beyond it is ignored. Krita does store information beyond this area, you just won't be able to see it. This data is stored in the **Layers**. Layers and Compositing ---------------------- Like a landscape painter will first paint the sky and then the furthest away elements before slowly working his way to the foreground elements, computers will do the same with all the things you tell them to draw. So, if you tell them to draw a circle after a square on the same spot, the circle will always be drawn later. This is called the **Drawing Order**. The layer stack is a way for you to separate elements of a drawing and manipulate the drawing order by showing you which layers are drawn when, and allowing you to change the order they are drawn in, and all sorts of other effects. This is called **Compositing**. This allows you to have line art above the colors, or trees before the mountains, and edit each without affecting the other. Krita has many layer-types, each doing a slightly different thing: :ref:`paint_layers` Also known as raster layers, and the most common layer type, you will be painting on these. :ref:`vector_layers` This is a layer type on which you draw vector graphics. Vector graphics are typically more simple than raster graphics and with the benefit that you can deform them with less blurriness. :ref:`group_layers` These allow you to group several layers via drag and drop, so you can organize, move, apply masks and perform other actions on them together. :ref:`clone_layers` These are copies of the layer you selected when making them. They get updated automatically when changing the original. :ref:`file_layers` These refer to an outside existing image, and update as soon as the outside image updates. Useful for logos and emblems that change a lot. :ref:`fill_layers` These layers are filled with something that Krita can make up on the fly, like colors or patterns. :ref:`filter_layers` Adding a filter in the layer-stack. We discuss these later on. You can manipulate the content of the layers with **Tools**. Tools ----- Tools help you manipulate the image data. The most common one is of course, the freehand brush, which is the default when you open Krita. There are roughly five types of tools in Krita: Paint Tools These are tools for painting on paint layers. They describe shapes, like rectangles, circles and straight lines, but also freehand paths. These shapes then get used by the Brush engines to make shapes and drawing effects. Vector Tools This is the upper row of tools, which are used to edit vectors. Interestingly enough, all paint tools except the freehand brush allow you to draw shapes on the vector layers. These don't get a brush engine effect applied to them, though. Selection Tools Selections allow you to edit a very specific area of the layer you are working on without affecting the others. The selection tools allow you modify the current selection. This is not unlike using masking-fluids in traditional painting, but whereas using masking fluids and film is often messy and delicate, selections are far easier to use. Guide Tools These are tools like grids and assistants. Transform Tools These are tools that allow you to transform your image. More on that later. All tools can be found in the toolbox, and information can be found in the tools section of the manual. Brush Engines ------------- Brush engines, like mentioned before, take a path and tablet information and add effects to it, making a stroke. Engine is a term programmers use to describe a complex interacting set of code that is the core for a certain functionality, and is highly configurable. In short, like the engine of your car drives your car, and the type of engine and its configuration affects how you use your car, the brush engine drives the look and feel of the brush, and different brush engines have different results. Krita has :ref:`a LOT of different brush engines `, all with different effects. .. figure:: /images/en/Krita_example_differentbrushengines.png :align: center **Left:** pixel brush, **Center:** color smudge brush, **Right:** sketch brush For example, the pixel-brush engine is simple and allows you to do most of your basic work, but if you do a lot of painting, the color smudge brush engine might be more useful. Even though it's slower to use than the Pixel Brush engine, its mixing of colors allows you to work faster. If you want something totally different from that, the sketch brush engine helps with making messy lines, and the shape brush engine allows you to make big flats quickly. There are a lot of cool effects inside Krita's brush engines, so try them all out, and be sure to check the chapters on each. You can configure these effects via the Brush Settings drop-down, which can be quickly accessed via :kbd:`f5`. These configurations can then be saved into presets, which you can quickly access with :kbd:`f6` or the Brush Presets docker. Brushes draw with colors, but how do computers understand colors? Colors ------ Humans can see a few million colors, which are combinations of electromagnetic waves (light) bouncing off a surface, where the surface absorbs some of it. .. figure:: /images/en/Krita_basics_primaries.png :align: center Subtractive CMY colors on the left and additive RGB colors on the right. This difference means that printers benefit from color conversion before printing When painting traditionally, we use pigments which also absorb the right light-waves for the color we want it to have, but the more pigments you combine, the more light is absorbed, leading to a kind of murky black. This is why we call the mixing of paints **subtractive**, as it subtracts light the more pigments you put together. Because of that, in traditional pigment mixing, our most efficient primaries are three fairly light colors: Cyan blue and Magenta red and Yellow (CMY). A computer also uses three primaries and uses a specific amount of each primary in a color as the way it stores color. However, a computer is a screen that emits light. So it makes more light, which means it needs to do **additive** mixing, where adding more and more colored lights result in white. This is why the three most efficient primaries, as used by computers are Red, Green and Blue (RGB). Per pixel, a computer then stores the value of each of these primaries, with the maximum depending on the bit-depth. These are called the **components** or **channels** depending on who you talk to. .. figure:: /images/en/Krita_basic_channel_rose.png :align: left This is the red-channel of an image of a red rose. As you can see, the petals are white here, indicating that those areas contain full red. The leaves are much darker, indicating a lack of red, which is to be expected, as they are green. Though by default computers use RGB, they can also convert to CMYK (the subtractive model), or a perceptual model like LAB. In all cases this is just a different way of indicating how the colors relate to each other, and each time it usually has 3 components. The exception here is grayscale, because the computer only needs to remember how white a color is. This is why grayscale is more efficient memory-wise. In fact, if you look at each channel separately, they also look like grayscale images, but instead white just means how much Red, Green or Blue there is. Krita has a very complex color management system, which you can read more about :ref:`here `. Transparency ~~~~~~~~~~~~ Just like Red, Green and Blue, the computer can also store how transparent a pixel is. This is important for **compositing** as mentioned before. After all, there's no point in having multiple layers if you can't have transparency. Transparency is stored in the same way as colors, meaning that it's also a channel. We usually call this channel the **alpha channel** or **alpha** for short. The reason behind this is that the letter 'α' is used to represent it in programming. Some older programs don't always have transparency by default. Krita is the opposite: it doesn't understand images that don't track transparency, and will always add a transparency channel to images. When a given pixel is completely transparent on all layers, Krita will instead show a checkerboard pattern, like the rose image to the left. Blending modes ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Because colors are stored as numbers you can do maths with them. We call this **Blending Modes** or **Compositing Modes**. Blending modes can be done per layer or per brush stroke, and thus are also part of the compositing of layers. Multiply A commonly used blending mode is for example :menuselection:`Multiply` which multiplies the components, leading to darker colors. This allows you to simulate the subtractive mixing, and thus makes painting shadows much easier. Addition Another common one is :menuselection:`Addition`, which adds one layer's components to the other, making it perfect for special glow effects. Erasing :menuselection:`Erasing` is a blending mode in Krita. There is no eraser tool, but you can toggle on the brush quickly with :kbd:`E` to become an eraser. You can also use it on layers. Unlike the other blending modes, this one only affects the alpha channel, making things more transparent. Normal The :menuselection:`Normal` blend mode just averages between colors depending on how transparent the topmost color is. Krita has 76 blending modes, each doing slightly different things. Head over to the :ref:`blending_modes` to learn more. Because we can see channels as grayscale images, we can convert grayscale images into channels. Like for example, we can use a grayscale image for the transparency. We call these **Masks**. Masks ----- Masks are a type of sub-effect applied to a layer, usually driven by a grayscale image. The primary type of mask is a :ref:`transparency_masks`, which allows you to use a grayscale image to determine the transparency, where black makes everything transparent and white makes the pixel fully opaque. You can paint on masks with any of the brushes, or convert a normal paint-layer to a mask. The big benefit of masks is that you can make things transparent without removing the underlying pixels. Furthermore, you can use masks to reveal or hide a whole group layer at once! For example, we have a white ghost lady here: .. image:: /images/en/Krita_ghostlady_1.png :align: center But you can't really tell whether she's a ghost lady or just really really white. If only we could give the idea that she floats... We right-click the layer and add a transparency mask. Then, we select that mask and draw with a black and white linear gradient so that the black is below. .. image:: /images/en/Krita_ghostlady_2.png :align: center Wherever the black is, there the lady now becomes transparent, turning her into a real ghost! The name mask comes from traditional masking fluid and film. You may recall the earlier comparison of selections to traditional masking fluid. Selections too are stored internally as grayscale images, and you can save them as a local selection which is kind of like a mask, or convert them to a transparency mask. Filters ------- We mentioned earlier that you can do maths with colors. But you can also do maths with pixels, or groups of pixels or whole layers. In fact, you can make Krita do all sorts of little operations on layers. We call these operations **Filters**. Examples of such operations are: Desaturate This makes all the pixels turn gray. Blur This averages the pixels with their neighbors, which removes sharp contrasts and makes the whole image look blurry. Sharpen This increases the contrast between pixels that had a pretty high contrast to begin with. Color to Alpha A popular filter which makes all of the chosen color transparent. .. figure:: /images/en/Krita_basic_filter_brush.png :align: right Different filter brushes being used on different parts of the image. Krita has many more filters available: read about them :ref:`here `. :ref:`filter_brush_engine` ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Because many of these operations are per pixel, Krita allows you to use the filter as part of the :ref:`filter_brush_engine`. In most image manipulation software, these are separate tools, but Krita has it as a brush engine, allowing much more customization than usual. This means you can make a brush that desaturates pixels, or a brush that changes the hue of the pixels underneath. Filter Layers, Filter Masks and Layer Styles ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Krita also allows you to let the Filters be part of the layer stack, via :ref:`filter_layers` and :ref:`filter_masks`. Filter Layers affect all the layers underneath it in the same hierarchy. Transparency and transparency masks on Filter Layers affect where the layer is applied. Masks, on the other hand, can affect one single layer and are driven by a grayscale image. They will also affect all layers in a group, much like a transparency mask. We can use these filters to make our ghost lady look even more ethereal, by selecting the ghost lady's layer, and then creating a clone layer. We then right click and add a filter mask and use gaussian blur set to 10 or so pixels. The clone layer is then put behind the original layer, and set to the blending mode '**Color Dodge**', giving her a definite spooky glow. You can keep on painting on the original layer and everything will get updated automatically! .. image:: /images/en/Krita_ghostlady_3.png :align: center Layer Effects or Layer Styles are :program:`Photoshop's` unique brand of Filter Masks that are a little faster than regular masks, but not as versatile. They are available by right clicking a layer and selecting 'layer style'. Transformations --------------- **Transformations** are kind of like filters, in that these are operations done on the pixels of an image. We have regular image and layer wide transformations in the image and layer top menus, so that you may resize, flip and rotate the whole image. We also have the :ref:`crop_tool`, which only affects the canvas size, and the :ref:`move_tool` which only moves a given layer. However, if you want more control, Krita offers a :ref:`transform_tool`. .. image:: /images/en/Krita_transforms_free.png :align: center With this tool you can rotate and resize on the canvas, or put it in perspective. Or you can use advanced transform tools, like the warp, cage and liquefy, which allow you to transform by drawing custom points or even by pretending it's a transforming brush. :ref:`deform_brush_engine` ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Like the filter brush engine, Krita also has a Deform Brush Engine, which allows you to transform with a brush. The deform is like a much faster version of the Liquefy transform tool mode, but in exchange, its results are of much lower quality. .. figure:: /images/en/Krita_transforms_deformvsliquefy.png :align: center Apple transformed into a pear with liquefy on the left and deform brush on the right. Furthermore, you can't apply the deform brush as a non-destructive mask. :ref:`transformation_masks` ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Like filters, transforms can be applied as a non-destructive operation that is part of the layer stack. Unlike filter and transparency masks however, transform masks can't be driven by a grayscale image, for technical reasons. You can use transform masks to deform clone and file layers as well. :ref:`animation` ---------------- .. image:: /images/en/Introduction_to_animation_walkcycle_02.gif :align: center In 3.0, Krita got raster animation support. You can use the timeline, animation and onionskin dockers, plus Krita's amazing variety of brushes to do raster based animations, export those, and then turn them into movies or gifs. Assistants, Grids and Guides ---------------------------- With all this technical stuff, you might forget that Krita is a painting program. Like how an illustrator in real life can have all sorts of equipment to make drawing easier, Krita also offers a variety of tools: .. figure:: /images/en/Krita_basic_assistants.png :align: center Krita's vanishing point assistants in action :ref:`grids_and_guides_docker` Very straightforward guiding tools which shows grids or guiding lines that can be configured. :ref:`snapping` You can snap to all sorts of things. Grids, guides, extensions, orthogonals, image centers and bounding boxes. :ref:`painting_with_assistants` Because you can hardly put a ruler against your tablet to help you draw, the assistants are there to help you draw concentric circles, perspectives, parallel lines and other easily forgotten but tricky to draw details. Krita allows you to snap to these via the tool options as well. These guides are saved into Krita's native format, which means you can pick up your work easily afterwards. Customization ------------- This leads to the final concept: customization. In addition to rearranging the dockers according to your preferences, Krita provides and saves your configurations as :ref:`resource_workspaces`. This is the button at the top right. You can also configure the toolbar via :menuselection:`settings --> configure Toolbars`, as well as the shortcuts under both :menuselection:`settings --> Configure Krita --> Configure Shortcuts` and :menuselection:`settings --> configure Krita --> Canvas Input Settings`. diff --git a/user_manual/getting_started/navigation.rst b/user_manual/getting_started/navigation.rst index a9d5ac8bd..4251535b5 100644 --- a/user_manual/getting_started/navigation.rst +++ b/user_manual/getting_started/navigation.rst @@ -1,113 +1,113 @@ .. meta:: :description: Overview of Krita navigation. .. metadata-placeholder :authors: - Scott Petrovic - Wolthera van Hövell tot Westerflier - Raghavendra Kamath - Boudewijn Rempt :license: GNU free documentation license 1.3 or later. .. index:: Navigation, Zoom, Rotate, Pan, Workspace, Pop-up Palette .. _navigation: ========== Navigation ========== Interface --------- Krita provides an ample choice for the artists to arrange the workspace. An artist can snap and arrange the elements of the workspace, much like snapping together Lego blocks. Krita provides a set of construction kit parts in the form of Dockers and Toolbars. Every set of elements can be shown, hidden, moved and rearranged that let the artist easily customize their own user interface experience. A Tour of the Krita Interface ----------------------------- As we've said before, the Krita interface is very malleable and the way that you choose to configure the work surface may not resemble those above but, at least this we can use these as a starting point. .. image:: /images/en/Interface-tour.png :width: 1000 :align: center - **A** -- Traditional '''File''' or action menu found in most windowed applications - **B** -- Toolbar - This is where you can choose your brushes, set parameters such as opacity and size and other settings. - **C** -- Sidebars for the Movable Panels/Dockers. In some applications, these are known as Dockable areas. Krita also allows you to dock panels at the top and/or bottom as well. - **D** -- Status Bar - This space shows you preferred mode for showing selection i.e marching ants or mask mode, your selected brush preset, :ref:`Color Space `, image size and provides a convenient zoom control. - **E** -- Floating Panel/Docker - These can be "popped" in and out of their docks at any time in order to see a greater range of options. A good example of this would be the :ref:`brush_preset_docker` or the :ref:`palette_docker` Your canvas sits in the middle and unlike traditional paper or even most digital painting apps, Krita provides the artist with a scrolling canvas of infinite size (not that you'll need it of course!). The standard navigation tools are as follows: Navigation ---------- Many of the canvas navigation actions, like rotation, mirroring and zooming have default keys attached to them: Panning This can be done through |mousemiddle|, :kbd:`Space +` |mouseleft| and :kbd:`the directional keys`. Zooming Discrete zooming can be done through :kbd:`+`, and :kbd:`-`. Using :kbd:`Ctrl + Space` or :kbd:`Ctrl +` |mousemiddle| can allow for direct zooming with the stylus. Mirroring - You can mirror the view can be quickly done via :kbd:`M`. Mirroring is a great technique that seasoned digital artists use to quickly review the composition of their work to ensure that it "reads" well, even when flipped horizontally. + You can mirror the view can be quickly done via :kbd:`M` key. Mirroring is a great technique that seasoned digital artists use to quickly review the composition of their work to ensure that it "reads" well, even when flipped horizontally. Rotating You can rotate the canvas without transforming it can be done with :kbd:`Ctrl + [` or :kbd:`4` and the other way with :kbd:`Ctrl + ]` or :kbd:`6`. Quick mouse based rotation is :kbd:`Shift + Space` and :kbd:`Shift +` |mousemiddle|. To reset rotation use :kbd:`5` . You can also find these under :menuselection:`View --> Canvas` Dockers ------- Krita subdivides many of its options into functional panels called Dockers (aka Docks). Dockers are small windows that can contain, for example, things like the layer stack, Color Palette or Brush Presets. Think of them as the painter's palette, or his water, or his brushkit. They can be activated by choosing the :guilabel:`Settings` menu and the :guilabel:`Dockers` sub-menu. There you will find a long list of available options. Dockers can be removed by clicking the **x** in the upper-right of the docker-window. Dockers, as the name implied, can be docked into the main interface. You can do this by dragging the docker to the sides of the canvas (or top or bottom if you prefer). Dockers contain many of the "hidden", and powerful, aspects of **Krita** that you will want to explore as you start delving deeper into the application. You can arrange the dockers in almost any permutation and combination according to the needs of your workflow, and then save these arrangements as Workspaces. Dockers can be prevented from docking by pressing :kbd:`Ctrl` before starting to drag the docker. Sliders ------- Krita uses these to control values like brush size, opacity, flow, Hue, Saturation, etc... Below is an example of a Krita slider. .. image:: /images/en/Krita_Opacity_Slider.png The total range is represented from left to right and blue bar gives an indication of where in the possible range the current value is. Clicking anywhere, left or right, of that slider will change the current number to something lower(to the left) or higher(to the right). To input a specific number, |mouseright| the slider. A number can now be entered directly for even greater precision. Pressing :kbd:`Shift` while dragging the slider changes the values at a smaller increment, and Pressing :kbd:`Ctrl` while dragging the slider changes the value in whole numbers or multiples or 5. Toolbars -------- .. image:: /images/en/Krita_Toolbar.png Toolbars are where some of the important actions and menus are placed so that they are readily and quickly available for the artist while painting. You can learn more about the Krita Toolbars and how to configure them in over in the Toolbars section of the manual. Putting these to effective use can really speed up the Artist's workflow, especially for users of Tablet-Monitors and Tablet-PCs. Workspace Chooser ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ The button on the very right of the toolbar is the workspace chooser. This allows you to load and save common configurations of the user interface in Krita. There are a few common workspaces that come with Krita. Pop-up Palette -------------- .. image:: /images/en/Krita-popuppalette.png :align: center Pop-up Palette is a unique feature in Krita designed to increase productivity of the artist, It is a circular menu for quickly choosing brushes, foreground and background colors, recent colors while painting. To access the palette you have to just |mouseright| on the canvas. The palette will spawn at the place of the brush tip or cursor. By tagging your brush presets you can add particular sets of brushes to this palette. For example If you add some inking brush presets to inking tag you can and change the tags to inking in the pop-up palette you'll get all the inking brushes in the palette. You can :ref:`tag ` brush presets via the :ref:`brush_preset_docker`, check out the resource overview page to know more about tagging in general. If you call up the pop-up palette again, you can click the wrench icon, and select the tag. In fact, you can make multiple tags and switch between them. When you need more than ten presets, go into :menuselection:`Settings --> configure Krita --> general --> favorite presets` and change the number of presets from 10 to something you feel comfortable. diff --git a/user_manual/getting_started/starting_krita.rst b/user_manual/getting_started/starting_krita.rst index 334335a2b..60934ac65 100644 --- a/user_manual/getting_started/starting_krita.rst +++ b/user_manual/getting_started/starting_krita.rst @@ -1,103 +1,103 @@ .. meta:: :description: A simple guide to the first basic steps of using Krita: creating and saving an image. .. metadata-placeholder :authors: - Wolthera van Hövell tot Westerflier - Raghavendra Kamath - Scott Petrovic - DMarquant - Vancemoss - Bugsbane - Hamlet 1977 - Lifeling - Yurchor :license: GNU free documentation license 1.3 or later. .. index:: Getting started, Save, Load, New .. _starting_with_krita: Starting Krita ============== -There will be no canvas or new document open by default. To create a new canvas you have to create a new document from the :guilabel:`File` menu. If you want to open an existing image, either use :menuselection:`File --> Open` or drag the image from your computer into Krita's window. +There will be no canvas or new document open by default. To create a new canvas you have to create a new document from the :guilabel:`File` menu or |mouseleft| on the empty area in the center to open the new file dialog box. If you want to open an existing image, either use :menuselection:`File --> Open` or drag the image from your computer into Krita's window. .. image:: /images/en/Starting-krita.png :width: 800 Creating a New Document ----------------------- A new document can be created as follows. # Click on :guilabel:`File` from the application menu at the top. # Then click on :guilabel:`New`. Or you can do this by pressing :kbd:`Ctrl + N`. # Now you will get a New Document dialog box as shown below: .. image:: /images/en/Krita_newfile.png Krita is a pretty complex program that can handle a lot of different files, so let's go through this step by step: Custom Document -~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ +~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ From this section you can create a document according to your requirements: you can specify the dimensions, color model, depth, resolution, etc. In the top-most field of the :guilabel:`Dimensions` tab, you can define a name for your new document. This name will appear in the metadata of the file, and Krita will use it for the auto-save functionality as well. If you leave it empty, the document will be referred to as 'Unnamed' by default. From the Predefined drop-down you can select predefined pixel sizes and PPI (pixels per inch). You can set custom dimensions and the orientation of the document from the input fields below the predefined drop-down. This can also be saved as a new predefined preset for your future use by giving a name in the Save As field and clicking on the Save button. Below we find the Color section of the new document dialog box, where you can select the color model and the bit-depth. Check :ref:`color_management_settings` for more info. On the :guilabel:`Content` tab, you can select the background color and the amount of layers you want in the new document. Krita remembers the amount of layers you picked last time, so be careful. Finally, there's a description box, useful to note down what you are going to do. Create From Clipboard ---------------------- +~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ This section allows you to create a document from an image that is in your clipboard, like a screenshot. It will have all the fields set to match the clipboard image. Templates: ~~~~~~~~~~ These are separate categories where we deliver special defaults. Templates are just .kra files which are saved in a special location, so they can be pulled up by Krita quickly. You can make your own template file from any .kra file, by using :menuselection:`File --> Create Template From Image` in the top menu. This will add your current document as a new template, including all its properties along with the layers and layer contents. Once you have created a new document according to your preference, you should now have a white canvas in front of you (or whichever background color you chose in the dialog). How to use brushes -~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ +------------------ Now, just press on the canvas part. If everything's correct, you should be able to draw on the canvas! The brush tool should be selected by default when you start Krita, but if for some reason it is not, you can click on this |toolfreehandbrush| icon from the toolbar and activate the brush tool. Of course, you'd want to use different brushes. On your right, there's a docker named Brush Presets (or on top, press :kbd:`f6` to find this one) with all these cute squares with pens and crayons. If you want to tweak the presets, check the Brush Editor in the toolbar. You can also access the Brush Editor with :kbd:`F5`. .. image:: /images/en/Krita_Brush_Preset_Docker.png Tick any of the squares to choose a brush, and then draw on the canvas. To change color, click the triangle in the Advanced Color Selector docker. Erasing -~~~~~~~ +------- -There are brush presets for erasing, but it is often faster to use the eraser toggle. By toggling the :kbd:`E` key, your current brush switches between erasing and painting. +There are brush presets for erasing, but it is often faster to use the eraser toggle. By toggling the :kbd:`E` key, your current brush switches between erasing and painting. This erasing method works with most of the tools. You can erase using the line tool, rectangle tool, and even the gradient tool. Saving and opening files ------------------------ Now, once you have figured out how to draw something in Krita, you may want to save it. The save option is in the same place as it is in all other computer programs: the top-menu of :guilabel:`File`, and then :guilabel:`Save`. Select the folder you want to have your drawing, and select the file format you want to use ('.kra' is Krita's default format, and will save everything). And then hit :guilabel:`Save`. Some older versions of Krita have a bug and require you to manually type the extension. -If you want to show off your image on the internet, check out the :ref:`saving_for_the_web` tutorial. +If you want to show off your image on the internet, check out the :ref:`saving_for_the_web` tutorial. Check out :ref:`navigation` for further basic information, :ref:`basic_concepts` for an introduction as Krita as a medium, or just go out and explore Krita! diff --git a/user_manual/introduction_from_other_software/introduction_from_photoshop.rst b/user_manual/introduction_from_other_software/introduction_from_photoshop.rst index 961327d1d..94f4a06d2 100644 --- a/user_manual/introduction_from_other_software/introduction_from_photoshop.rst +++ b/user_manual/introduction_from_other_software/introduction_from_photoshop.rst @@ -1,384 +1,386 @@ .. meta:: :description: This is a introduction to Krita for users coming from Photoshop. .. metadata-placeholder :authors: - David Revoy, davidrevoy@gmail.com - Inge Wallin, inge.wallin@kogmbh.com - Wolthera van Hövell tot Westerflier, griffinvalley@gmail.com - AnetK - JakeD - Radianart - - Raghavendra Kamath + - Raghavendra Kamath :license: GNU free documentation license 1.3 or later. .. index:: Photoshop .. _introduction_from_photoshop: =========================================== Introduction to Krita coming from Photoshop =========================================== Introduction ------------ This document gives an introduction to Krita for users who have been using PhotoShop. The intention is to make you productive in Krita as fast as possible and ease the conversion of old habits into new ones. This introduction is written with Krita version 2.9 and Photoshop CS2 and CS3 in mind. But even though things may change in the future, the basics will most likely remain the same. The first thing to remember is that Krita is a 2D paint application while Photoshop (PS) is an image manipulation program. This means that PS has more features than Krita in general, but Krita has the tools that are relevant to digital painting. When you get used to Krita, you will find that Krita has some features that are not part of PS. Krita Basics ------------ This chapter covers how you use Krita in the basic operations compared to PS. View and Display ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ +| + Navigation ^^^^^^^^^^ In Krita you can navigate your document using all these methods: #. '*Mouse wheel*': |mousescroll| down and up for zoom, and press |mousemiddle| down to pan your document. #. '*Keyboard*': with :kbd:`+` and - on your numpad keyboard, and pan with space #. As in Photoshop, Painter, Manga Studio: :kbd:`Ctrl + space` to zoom, and space to pan. - + .. note:: - + If you add :kbd:`Alt` and so do a :kbd:`Ctrl + Alt + Space` you’ll have a discrete zoom. Rotation ^^^^^^^^ Rotate the canvas with :kbd:`Shift + Space`, or :kbd:`ctrl + [` and :kbd:`ctrl + ]` or with 4 or 6. Reset the rotation with 5. Mirror ^^^^^^ -Press :kbd:`m` to see your drawing or painting mirrored in the viewport. +Press :kbd:`m` key to see your drawing or painting mirrored in the viewport. Move and Transform ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ Moving and Transformation of contents is done using tools in Krita. You can then find them in the toolbar. If you are familiar with the way to move layers in PS by holding down :kbd:`Ctrl`, you can do the same in Krita by pressing the :kbd:`T` key for the move tool (think ‘T’ranslate) or :kbd:`Ctrl + T` for transform tool. Press :kbd:`B` to go back to the brush tool when the transformation or translation is done. To find how to make advanced deformations using the ‘Transform’ tool, do not right-click on the on-canvas widget: all the option are in the ‘Tool Options’ docker. Change can be applied with ‘Enter’ for the Transform tool. .. note:: Move tool changes are auto-applied. Selections ~~~~~~~~~~ Like in PS, you can use Alt or Shift during a selection to remove or add selection to the active selection. Krita also offers sub tools for this, and you can select them in the Tool Option if a select tool is active. These sub tools are represented as icons. You can switch to those sub modes by pressing: * :kbd:`R` to replace selection * :kbd:`T` to intersect * :kbd:`A` to add to the selection (this is the one you will want to use often) * :kbd:`S` to subtract from the selection (the other one popular) Or hold: * :kbd:`Alt` to subtract from the selection * :kbd:`Shift` to add to the selection * :kbd:`Alt + Shift` to intersect -.. note:: +.. note:: You cannot press :kbd:`Ctrl` to move the content of the selection (you have to press ‘T’ or select the ‘Move Tool’. Some other tips: * If you want to convert a layer to a selection (to select the visible pixels), right-click on the layer docker, and choose ‘select opaque’. * If you use a polygonal selection tool, or a selection which needs to be ‘closed’, you will be able to do it or by using a double-click, or by using a :kbd:`Shift` - |mouseleft| . You can scale selection. To do this, choose Select > Scale (Note: also, in the Select menu there are more classical option to grow, shrink, feather, border, etc...) If you enable Show Global Selection Mask (Select menu) you can scale/rotate/transform/move or paint on selection like on regular greyscale layer. * :kbd:`Ctrl + H`: Show / Hide selection (same shortcut) * :kbd:`Ctrl + A`: Select All * :kbd:`Ctrl + Shift + A`: deselect All (and not :kbd:`Ctrl + D` as in PS) -Note for Gimp user: Krita auto-expands and auto defloats new layers created from a selection after a :kbd:`Ctrl + C`, :kbd:`Ctrl + V` so you do not have to worry about not being able to paint outside the pasted element. +Note for Gimp user: Krita auto-expands and auto defloats new layers created from a selection after a :kbd:`Ctrl + C`, :kbd:`Ctrl + V` so you do not have to worry about not being able to paint outside the pasted element. .. note:: This doesn't work as intended right now. Intersect is a selection mode which uses 'T' as the shortcut. However 'T' is also used to switch to the 'Move tool' so this shortcut is not functional right now. You have to use the button on the Tool Options. Layer Handling ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ The most common shortcuts are very similar in PS and Krita: * :kbd:`Ctrl + J`: duplicate * :kbd:`Ctrl + E`: merge down * :kbd:`Ctrl + Shift + E`: flattens all (not Ctrl+Shift+M as in PS) * :kbd:`ins`: insert a new paint layer * :kbd:`Ctrl + G`: create new layer group and move selected layers to this group Groups and Blending Mode (Composite Mode): ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ The group blending mode in Krita has priority over child layers and overrides it. This can be surprising for Photoshop users. On Photoshop you can use groups to just clean your layer stack and keep blending mode of your layer compositing through all the stack. In Krita the compositing will happen at first level inside the group, then taking into account the blending mode of the group itself. -Both system have pros and cons. Krita’s way is more predictable according to some artists, compositing-wise. The PS way leads to a cleaner and better ordered layer stack visually wise. +Both system have pros and cons. Krita’s way is more predictable according to some artists, compositing-wise. The PS way leads to a cleaner and better ordered layer stack visually wise. Multi Layer Transform or Move ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ -You can select multiple layers on the stack by holding down Shift as in PS, and if you move the layer inside a group you can move or transform the whole group - including doing selection on the group and cut all the sub layers inside on the fly. You can not apply filters to group to affect multiple layers. +You can select multiple layers on the stack by holding down Shift as in PS, and if you move the layer inside a group you can move or transform the whole group - including doing selection on the group and cut all the sub layers inside on the fly. You can not apply filters to group to affect multiple layers. Clipping Masks ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ Krita has no clipping mask, but there is a workaround involving layer groups and ‘inherit alpha’ (see the alpha icon). Place a layer with the shape you want to clip the other with at the bottom of a group and layers above with the ‘inherit alpha’ option. This will create the same effect as the “clipping mask” PS feature. This process of arranging groups for inherit alpha can be done automatically by :kbd:`Ctrl + Shift + G` shortcut. It creates a group with base layer and a layer above it with inherit alpha option checked by default. Pass-through mode ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ This is available in Krita, but not implemented as a blending mode. Rather, it is an option next to ‘inherit alpha’ on group layers. Smart Layers ^^^^^^^^^^^^ Instead of having smart layers that you can do non-destructive transforms on, Krita has the following set of functionality: File Layers These are layers which point to an outside file, and will get automatically updated if the outside file changes. Clone Layers These are layers that are an ‘instance’ of the layer you had selected when creating them. They get updated automatically when the original layer updates. Transform Masks These can be used to non-destructive transform all layer types, including the file and clone layers. Filter Masks Like adjustment layers, these can apply filters non-destructively to all layer types, including file and clone layers. Layer styles ^^^^^^^^^^^^ You can apply Photoshop layerstyles in Krita by right clicking any given layer type and selecting ‘layer style’ from the context menu. Krita can open and save ASL files, but not all layer style functionality is there yet. Other ^^^^^ Layers and groups can be exported. See the ‘Layer’ top menu for this and many other options. .. note:: Krita has at least 5 times more blending modes than PS. They are sorted by categories in the drop down menu. You can use the checkbox to add your most used to the Favorite categories. Paint tools ~~~~~~~~~~~ This is Krita's strong point. There are many paint tools and they have a lot of options. Tools ^^^^^ In Krita, there is a totally different paradigm for defining what ‘tools’ are compared to PS. Unlike in PS, you will not find the brush, eraser, clone, blur tool, etc. Instead, you will find the *way to trace* your strokes on the canvas: freehand, line, rectangle, circle, multiple brush, etc. When you have selected the ‘way to trace’ you can choose the *way to paint*: erasing / cloning / blurring, etc are all part of *way it paint* managed by the brush-engines options. These brush engine options are saved into so called *presets*, which you can find on ‘Brush presets’. You can fine tune, and build your own presets using the ‘Edit Brush Settings’ icon on the top tool bar. Erasing ^^^^^^^ In Krita, the eraser is not a tool, it is a Blending mode (or Composite mode). You can change each brush you have to erase by pressing :kbd:`E`. By pressing :kbd:`E` again you’ll be back to the last blending mode you had selected before pressing :kbd:`E` the first time. Useful shortcuts ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ * :kbd:`Shift`: Grow or Shrink the brush size (or :kbd:`[` and :kbd:`]`). * /: Switch last preset selected and current (ex: a pencil preset, and an eraser preset). * :kbd:`K` and :kbd:`L`: increment Darker and Lighter value of active color * :kbd:`I` and :kbd:`O`: increment opacity plus or minus. * :kbd:`D`: Reset color to black/foreground and white/background * :kbd:`X`: Switch background and foreground colors * :kbd:`Shift`+ :kbd:`I` / :kbd:`Shift + N` / :kbd:`Shift + M`: a set of default keyboard shortcuts for accessing the on-canvas color selector. .. note:: Some people regard these shortcuts as somewhat unfortunate. The reason is that they are meant to be used during painting and left-:kbd:`shift` is at the opposite end of the keyboard from :kbd:`I`, :kbd:`M` and :kbd:`N`. So for a right-handed painter, this is very difficult to do while using the stylus with a right hand. Note that you can reassign any shortcut by using the shortcut configuration in :menuselection:`Settings --> Configure Shortcuts`. Stabilization / Path Smoothing ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ Using the freehand ‘paint with brush’ tool that you can find on the Tool Options, more settings for smoothing the path and stabilization of your brush strokes are available. Global pressure curve ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ If you find the feeling of Krita too hard or too soft regarding the pressure when you paint, you can set a softer or harder curve here: :menuselection:`Settings --> Configure Krita --> Tablet settings` Adjustment ^^^^^^^^^^ Like in PS, you can use the classic filters to adjust many things while painting: * :kbd:`Ctrl + L` : Levels * :kbd:`Ctrl + U`: HSV adjustment * :kbd:`Ctrl + I`: Invert Dodge / Burn / Blur Tools ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ Unlike Photoshop, where these are separate tools, in Krita, they are available via the Filter Brush Engine, which allows you to apply the majority of Krita's filters in brush form. Themes ^^^^^^ If you don’t like the dark default theme of Krita go to: :menuselection:`Settings --> Themes`, and choose a brighter or darker theme. If you don’t like the color outside your viewport go to: :menuselection:`Settings --> Configure Krita --> Display`, and change the Canvas border color. What Krita Has Over Photoshop ----------------------------- As mentioned in the introduction, Krita is a specialized paint application. Thus, it also has specialized tools for painting. Similar tools are not found in more generalized image manipulation applications such as PS. Here is a short list of the most important ones. Brush Engines ~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Krita has a lot of different so called brush engines. These brush engines define various methods on how the pixels end up on your canvas. Brush engines with names like Grid, Particles, Sketch and others will bring you new experiences on how the brushes work and a new landscape of possible results. You can start customizing brushes by using the brush-settings editor, which is accessible via the toolbar, but it's much easier to just press :kbd:`F5`. Tags for brush presets ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ This is very useful way to configure brush presets. Each brush can have any amount of tags and be in any group. You can make tag for blending brushes, for texture brushes, for effect brushes, favorites etc. Settings curves ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ You can set setting to pressure(speed/distance/tilt/random/etc) relation for each brush setting. .. image:: /images/en/Settings-curves.jpg :align: center The Pop-up Palette ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ .. image:: /images/en/Krita-popuppalette.png :align: center Easily to be found on |mouseright|, the pop-up palette allows you to quickly access brushes, a color history and a color selector within arm's reach. The brushes are determined by tag, and pressing the lower-right configure button calls a drop-down to change tags. This allows you to tag brushes in the preset docker by workflow, and quickly access the right brushes for the workflow you need for your image. Transformations ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ The Krita transformation tool can perform transformations on a group and affect child layers. There are several modes, like free, perspective, warp, the powerful cage and even liquefy. Furthermore, you can use transformation masks to apply transforms non-destructively to any layer type, raster, vector group, you name it. .. figure:: /images/en/Krita-transform-mask.png :align: center :figwidth: 800 Transform masks allows non-destructive transforms Incremental Save ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ You can save your artwork with the pattern : myartworksname_001.kra , myartworksname_002.kra, myartworksname_003.kra etc, by pressing a single key on the keyboard. Krita will increment the final number if the pattern "_XXX" is recognized at the end of the file's name. .. image:: /images/en/Krita-incremental-saves.png :align: center This feature allows you to avoid overwriting your files, and keep track to your older version and work in progress steps. Color to alpha Filter ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ If you want to delete the white of the paper from a scanned artwork , you can use this filter. It takes a color and turns it into pure transparency. .. image:: /images/en/Krita-color-to-alpha.png :align: center Many Blending Modes ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ If you like using blending modes, Krita has a many of them -- over 70! You have plenty of room for experimentation. A special system of favorite blending modes has been created to let you have fast access to the ones you use the most. Painting Assistants ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Krita has many painting assistants. This is a special type vector shapes with a magnetic influence on your brush strokes. You can use them as rulers, but with other shapes than just straight .. figure:: /images/en/Krita_basic_assistants.png :align: center :figwidth: 800 Krita's vanishing point assistants in action Multibrushes: Symmetry / Parallel / Mirrored / Snowflake ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Krita's Multibrush tool allows you to paint with multiple brushes at the same time. Movements of the brushes other than the main brush is created by mirroring what you paint, or duplicating it by any number around any axis. They can also be used in parallel mode. .. image:: /images/en/Krita-multibrush.png :align: center A Wide Variety of Color Selectors ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ The 'advanced color selector' docker offer you a wide choice of color selectors. .. image:: /images/en/Krita_Color_Selector_Types.png :align: center View dependent color filters ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Using the lut docker, Krita allows you to have a separate color correction filter per view. While this is certainly useful to people who do color correction in daily life, to the artist this allows for seeing a copy of the image in luminance grayscale, so that they instantly know the values of the image. .. figure:: /images/en/Krita-view-dependant-lut-management.png :align: center :figwidth: 800 Using the LUT docker to change the colors per view HDR color painting ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ This same LUT docker is the controller for painting with HDR colors. Using the LUT docker to change the exposure on the view, Krita allows you to paint with HDR colors, and has native open exr support! .. figure:: /images/en/Krita-hdr-painting.png :align: center :figwidth: 800 Painting with HDR colors What Krita Does Not Have ------------------------ Again, Krita is a digital paint application and Photoshop is an image manipulation program with some painting features. This means that there are things you can do in PS that you cannot do in Krita. This section gives a short list of these features. Filters ~~~~~~~ Krita has a pretty impressive pack of filters available, but you will probably miss one or two of the special filters or color adjustment tools you often use in Photoshop. For example, there is no possibility to tweak a specific color in HSV adjustment. Automatic healing tool ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Krita does not have an automatic healing tool. It does, however, have a so called clone tool which can be used to do a healing correction, although not automatically. Macro Recording ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Macro recording and playback exists in Krita, but it is not working well at this time. Text Tool ~~~~~~~~~ The text tool in Krita is less advanced than the similar tool in Photoshop. Blending Modes While Transforming ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ When you transform a layer or a selection in Krita, the transformation appears on the top of your layer stack ignoring the layer blending mode. Other ~~~~~ Also, you cannot ‘Export for web’, ‘Image Ready’ for Gif frame or slicing web image, etc Conclusion ---------- Using these tips you will probably be up to speed with Krita in a short time. If you find other things worth mentioning in this document we, the authors, would be interested in hearing about them. Krita develops fast, so we believe that the list of things possible in Photoshop but not in Krita will become shorter in time. We will maintain this document as this happens. diff --git a/user_manual/layers_and_masks.rst b/user_manual/layers_and_masks.rst index da028d9db..ebf660e2d 100644 --- a/user_manual/layers_and_masks.rst +++ b/user_manual/layers_and_masks.rst @@ -1,182 +1,187 @@ .. meta:: :description: An introduction guide to how layers and masks work inside Krita. .. metadata-placeholder :authors: - Wolthera van Hövell tot Westerflier - - Raghavendra Kamath + - Raghavendra Kamath - Scott Petrovic - AnetK - Bugsbane - Alan - Lundin :license: GNU free documentation license 1.3 or later. .. index:: Layers, Masks .. _layers_and_masks: ================================ Introduction to Layers and Masks ================================ Krita supports layers which help to better control parts and elements of your painting. Think of an artwork or collage made with various stacks of papers with some paper cut such that they show the paper beneath them while some hide what's beneath them. If you want to replace an element in the artwork, you replace that piece of paper instead of drawing the entire thing. In Krita instead of papers we use **Layers**. Layers are part of the document which may or may not be transparent, they may be smaller or bigger than the document itself, they can arrange one above other, named and grouped. Layers can give better control over your artwork for example you can re-color an entire artwork just by working on the separate color layer and thereby not destroying the line art which will reside above this color layer. You can edit individual layers, you can even add special effects to them, like Layer styles, blending modes, transparency, filters and transforms. Krita takes all these layers in its layer stack, including the special effects and combines or composites together a final image. This is just one of the many digital image manipulation tricks that :program:`Krita` has up its sleeve! Usually, when you put one paint layer on top of another, the upper paint layer will be fully visible, while the layer behind it will either be obscured, occluded or only partially visible. Managing layers --------------- Some artists draw with limited number of layers but some prefer to have different elements of the artwork on separate layer. Krita has some good layer management features which make the layer management task easy. You can :ref:`group layers ` and organise the elements of your artwork. The layer order can be changed or layers can be moved in and out of a group in the layer stack by simply holding them and dragging and dropping. Layers can also be copied across documents while in the :ref:`subwindow mode `, by dragging and dropping from one document to another. These features save time and also help artists in maintaining the file with a layer stack which will be easy to understand for others who work on the same file. In addition to these layers and groups can both be labeled and filtered by colors, thus helping the artists to visually differentiate them. To assign a color label to your layer or layer group you have to right click on the layer and choose one of the given colors from the context menu. To remove an already existing color label you can click on the 'x' marked box in the context menu. .. image:: /images/en/Layer-color-filters.png :width: 400 Once you assign color labels to your layers, you can then filter layers having similar color label by clicking on one or more colors in the list from the drop-down situated at the top-right corner of the layer docker .. image:: /images/en/Layer-color-filters-menu.png - :width: 500 + :width: 600 Types of Layers --------------- .. image:: /images/en/500px-Krita-types-of-layers.png + :width: 600 -The image above shows the various types of layers in :ref:`layer_docker`, Each layer type has a different purpose for example all the vector elements can be only placed on a vector layer and similarly normal raster elements are mostly on the paint layer, :ref:`cat_layers_and_masks` page contains more information about these types layers. +The image above shows the various types of layers in :ref:`layer_docker`, Each +layer type has a different purpose for example all the vector elements can be +only placed on a vector layer and similarly normal raster elements are mostly +on the paint layer, :ref:`cat_layers_and_masks` page contains more information +about these types layers. Now Let us see how these layers are composited in Krita. How are layers composited in Krita ? ------------------------------------ In Krita, the visible layers form a composite image which is shown on the canvas. The order in which Krita composites the layers is from bottom to top, much like the stack of papers we discussed above. As we continue adding layers, the image we see changes, according to the properties of the newly added layers on top. Group Layers composite separately from the other layers in the stack, except when pass through mode is activated. The layers inside a group form a composite image first and then this composite is taken into consideration while the layer stack is composited to form a whole image. If the pass through mode is activated by pressing the icon similar to bricked wall, the layers within the group are considered as if they are outside of that particular group in the layer stack, however, the visibility of the layers in a group depends on the visibility of the group. .. image:: /images/en/Passthrough-mode_.png .. image:: /images/en/Layer-composite.png The groups in a PSD file saved from Photoshop have pass-through mode on by default unless they are specifically set with other blending modes. .. index:: Alpha Inheritance, Clipping Masks Inherit Alpha or Clipping layers -------------------------------- There is a clipping feature in Krita called inherit alpha. It is denoted by an alpha icon in the layer stack. .. image:: /images/en/Inherit-alpha-02.png It can be somewhat hard to figure out how the inherit alpha feature works in Krita for the first time. Once you click on the inherit alpha icon on the layer stack, the pixels of the layer you are painting on are confined to the combined pixel area of all the layers below it. That means if you have the default white background layer as first layer, clicking on the inherit alpha icon and painting on any layer above will seem to have no effect as the entire canvas is filled with white. Hence, it is advised to put the base layer that you want the pixels to clip in a group layer. As mentioned above, group layers are composited separately, hence the layer which is the lowest layer in a group becomes the bounding layer and the content of the layers above this layer clips to it if inherit alpha is enabled. .. image:: /images/en/Inherit-alpha-krita.jpg .. image:: /images/en/Krita-tutorial2-I.1-2.png You can also enable alpha inheritance to a group layer. Masks and Filters ----------------- Krita supports non-destructive editing of the content of the layer. Non-destructive editing means editing or changing a layer or image without actually changing the original source image permanently, the changes are just added as filters or masks over the original image while keeping it intact, this helps a lot when your workflow requires constant back and forth. You can go back to original image with a click of a button, Just hide the filter or mask you have your initial image. You can add various filters to a layer with Filter mask, or add Filter layer which will affect the whole image. Layers can also be transformed non-destructively with the transformation masks, and even have portions temporarily hidden with a Transparenct Mask. Non-destructive effects like these are very useful when you change your mind later, or need to make a set of variations of an given image. .. note:: You can merge all visible layers by selecting everything first :menuselection:`Layer --> Select --> Visible Layers`. Then Combine them all by merging :menuselection:`Layer --> Merge with Layer Below`. These filters and masks are accessible through the right click menu (as shown in the image below) and the Plus icon on the layer docker. .. image:: /images/en/Layer-right-click.png You can also add a filter as a mask from filter dialog itself, by clicking on the :guilabel:`Create Filter Mask` button. .. image:: /images/en/Filtermask-button.png All the filters and masks can also be applied over a group too, thus making it easy to non-destructively edit multiple layers at once. In the :ref:`category Layers and masks ` you can read more about the individual types of layers and masks. :ref:`Layer Docker ` has more information about the shortcuts and other layer management workflows.