diff --git a/app/fileopscontextmanageritem.cpp b/app/fileopscontextmanageritem.cpp
--- a/app/fileopscontextmanageritem.cpp
+++ b/app/fileopscontextmanageritem.cpp
@@ -97,7 +97,7 @@
         selectedFiles = contextManager()->selectedFileItemList();
     }
 
-    return MimeTypeUtils::selectionMimeData(selectedFiles);
+    return MimeTypeUtils::selectionMimeData(selectedFiles, MimeTypeUtils::ClipboardTarget);
 }
 
 QUrl FileOpsContextManagerItem::pasteTargetUrl() const
diff --git a/lib/documentview/documentview.cpp b/lib/documentview/documentview.cpp
--- a/lib/documentview/documentview.cpp
+++ b/lib/documentview/documentview.cpp
@@ -405,7 +405,7 @@
         }
         mDrag = new QDrag(q);
         const auto itemList = KFileItemList({q->document()->url()});
-        mDrag->setMimeData(MimeTypeUtils::selectionMimeData(itemList));
+        mDrag->setMimeData(MimeTypeUtils::selectionMimeData(itemList, MimeTypeUtils::DropTarget));
 
         if (q->document()->isModified()) {
             setDragPixmap(QPixmap::fromImage(q->document()->image()));
diff --git a/lib/mimetypeutils.h b/lib/mimetypeutils.h
--- a/lib/mimetypeutils.h
+++ b/lib/mimetypeutils.h
@@ -59,12 +59,17 @@
 GWENVIEWLIB_EXPORT Kind urlKind(const QUrl&);
 GWENVIEWLIB_EXPORT Kind mimeTypeKind(const QString& mimeType);
 
+enum MimeTarget {
+    ClipboardTarget,
+    DropTarget
+};
+
 /**
  * Returns the image data (and also the URL, unless the image
  * is edited/unsaved) if there is a single image selected.
  * Otherwise, returns a list of URLs for all selected images.
  */
-GWENVIEWLIB_EXPORT QMimeData* selectionMimeData(const KFileItemList& selectedFiles);
+GWENVIEWLIB_EXPORT QMimeData* selectionMimeData(const KFileItemList& selectedFiles, const MimeTarget& mimeTarget);
 
 } // namespace MimeTypeUtils
 
diff --git a/lib/mimetypeutils.cpp b/lib/mimetypeutils.cpp
--- a/lib/mimetypeutils.cpp
+++ b/lib/mimetypeutils.cpp
@@ -165,11 +165,20 @@
     return mimeTypeKind(urlMimeType(url));
 }
 
-QMimeData* selectionMimeData(const KFileItemList& selectedFiles)
+QMimeData* selectionMimeData(const KFileItemList& selectedFiles, const MimeTarget& mimeTarget)
 {
     QMimeData* mimeData = new QMimeData;
 
     if (selectedFiles.count() == 1) {
+
+        // When a single file is selected, there are a couple of cases:
+        // - Pasting unmodified images: Set both image data and URL
+        //   (since some apps only support either image data or URL)
+        // - Dragging unmodified images: Only set URL
+        //   (otherwise dragging to Chromium or the desktop fails, see https://phabricator.kde.org/D13249#300894)
+        // - Dragging or pasting modified images: Only set image data
+        //   (otherwise some apps prefer the URL, which would only contain the unmodified image)
+
         const QUrl url = selectedFiles.first().url();
         const MimeTypeUtils::Kind mimeKind = MimeTypeUtils::urlKind(url);
         bool documentIsModified = false;
@@ -179,25 +188,25 @@
             doc->waitUntilLoaded();
             documentIsModified = doc->isModified();
 
-            QString suggestedFileName;
+            if (mimeTarget == ClipboardTarget || (mimeTarget == DropTarget && documentIsModified)) {
+                QString suggestedFileName;
 
-            if (mimeKind == MimeTypeUtils::KIND_RASTER_IMAGE) {
-                mimeData->setImageData(doc->image());
+                if (mimeKind == MimeTypeUtils::KIND_RASTER_IMAGE) {
+                    mimeData->setImageData(doc->image());
 
-                // Set the filename extension to PNG, as it is the first
-                // entry in the combobox when pasting to Dolphin
-                suggestedFileName = QFileInfo(url.fileName()).completeBaseName() + QStringLiteral(".png");
-            } else {
-                mimeData->setData(MimeTypeUtils::urlMimeType(url), doc->rawData());
-                suggestedFileName = url.fileName();
-            }
+                    // Set the filename extension to PNG, as it is the first
+                    // entry in the combobox when pasting to Dolphin
+                    suggestedFileName = QFileInfo(url.fileName()).completeBaseName() + QStringLiteral(".png");
+                } else {
+                    mimeData->setData(MimeTypeUtils::urlMimeType(url), doc->rawData());
+                    suggestedFileName = url.fileName();
+                }
 
-            mimeData->setData(QStringLiteral("application/x-kde-suggestedfilename"),
-                              QFile::encodeName(suggestedFileName));
+                mimeData->setData(QStringLiteral("application/x-kde-suggestedfilename"),
+                                  QFile::encodeName(suggestedFileName));
+            }
         }
 
-        // Don't set the URL to support pasting edited images to
-        // applications preferring the URL otherwise, e.g. Dolphin
         if (!documentIsModified) {
             mimeData->setUrls({url});
         }
diff --git a/lib/thumbnailview/thumbnailview.cpp b/lib/thumbnailview/thumbnailview.cpp
--- a/lib/thumbnailview/thumbnailview.cpp
+++ b/lib/thumbnailview/thumbnailview.cpp
@@ -691,7 +691,7 @@
     }
 
     QDrag* drag = new QDrag(this);
-    drag->setMimeData(MimeTypeUtils::selectionMimeData(selectedFiles));
+    drag->setMimeData(MimeTypeUtils::selectionMimeData(selectedFiles, MimeTypeUtils::DropTarget));
     d->initDragPixmap(drag, indexes);
     drag->exec(Qt::MoveAction | Qt::CopyAction | Qt::LinkAction, Qt::CopyAction);
 }